Archive
Auto register classes
This is something I wrote back when Attributes was sort of new to Delphi, but it’s a neat example of how custom attributes can simplify your code. It would actually be a nice candidate for addition to the VCL.
In short: If you are serializing objects to JSon, you probably know that Delphi can only re-create those objects if it knows the class type (or if you manually provide the class during parsing). This means that you end up writing an implementation section where you manually call RegisterClass() for each of the class types you use.
While this is not problematic or difficult, it’s one of those chores that is perfect for attributes. So instead of having to write an initialization section on unit level, you can just attach a [ClassRegister] attribute, and it’s automatically registered for you when the unit is loaded into memory.
Here is the unit, feel free to use it and rename it to whatever you like:
unit quartex.util.register;
interface
type
///<summary>
///<para>The [ClassRegister] attribute registers the attached class
/// into Delphi's internal class registry. This is the same as calling
/// RegisterClass manually during unit initialization, except it's
/// simpler and more elegant.</para>
///<code>
///type
/// [ClassRegister]
/// TSomeClass = class(TPersistent)
/// end;
///</code>
///</summary>
ClassRegister = class(TCustomAttribute)
end;
implementation
uses
System.Rtti, System.TypInfo, System.Classes;
// This procedure walks through all classtypes and isolates
// those with our TAutoRegister attribute.
// It then locates the actual classtype and registeres it
// with Delphi's internal persistence layer
procedure ProcessAutoRegisterAttributes;
var
ctx : TRttiContext;
typ : TRttiType;
attr : TCustomAttribute;
lRealType: TClass;
lAccess: PTypeData;
begin
ctx := TRttiContext.Create();
try
for typ in ctx.GetTypes() do
begin
if typ.TypeKind = tkClass then
begin
for attr in typ.GetAttributes() do
begin
if attr is ClassRegister then
begin
lAccess := GetTypeData(typ.Handle);
if lAccess <> nil then
begin
lRealType := lAccess^.ClassType;
if lRealType <> nil then
begin
if lRealType.InheritsFrom(TPersistent)
or lRealType.InheritsFrom(TInterfacedPersistent) then
RegisterClass( TPersistentClass(lRealType) );
end;
break;
end;
end;
end;
end;
end;
finally
ctx.Free();
end;
end;
// We want to register all the classes decorated with our
// attribute when this unit is loaded into memory. This process is
// ultimately very quick since it's all pointer material.
Initialization
begin
ProcessAutoRegisterAttributes;
end;
end.HTMLComponents for Delphi, a closer look
For a while now I have been paying attention to Alexander Sviridenkov’s components for Delphi. First of all because Delphi doesn’t really have that many options when dealing with HTML beyond embedding the classical browsers (Chromium, Firefox or Edge); And while Dave Baldwin’s work has served the community well in the past, TFrameBrowser is 20 years old. So there is definitively room for improvement.
Secondly, in my work with Quartex Pascal, a system that compiles Object Pascal to JavaScript for HTML5, being able to work with HTML and render HTML easily from my IDE is obviously interesting. The form designer in particular could benefit from showing “live” graphics rather than representative rectangles.
All of that is possible to do with Chromium if you run it in an off-screen capacity, but getting good results is very tricky. Chromium Embedded runs in a separate thread (actually, multiple threads) and sharing video memory, injecting HTML to avoid a full reload — lets just say that a Delphi native component package would make all the difference. Enter HTMLComponents.
Focus on the essentials first
The way that Alexander has proceeded with his components can resemble my own philosophy (or indeed anyone who has been a developer for a while). It’s the kind of work approach you end up with through experience, namely, to start with the basics and make sure that is rock solid (read: focus on the foundation code, that’s what’s going to matter the most. Trust me). It’s so tempting to run off on a tangent, adding more and more functionality – typically visually pleasing stuff, but as mature developers will know, if you go down that path what you end up with is a very expensive mess.
Thankfully, Alexander has gone about his work in an orderly, no-nonsense way. He began with the HTML parser, making sure that was flexible, compliant and delivered great performance (over 100 Mb a second!). Then he moved on to the CSS part of the equation and implemented a high performance styling engine. The reason I outline this is because I don’t think people fully grasp the amount of work involved. We think of HTML as a simple tag based format, but the sheer infrastructure you need to represent modern HTML properly is enormous. There is a reason Delphi component vendors shy away from this task. Thankfully Alexander is not one of them.
Scripting?
Next we have the scripting aspect. And here is the twist, if we can call it that. HTMLComponents is not written to be a browser. It is written to enable you to render HTML5 at high speed within a native application, including CSS animations and Tweening (a technique made popular by Apple. Like sliding forms or bouncing swipe behavior).
In other words, if you are expecting to find a browser, something like Dave Baldwin’s now ancient TFrameBrowser, then you should probably look to the new TEdgeBrowser component from Embarcadero. So JavaScript is not yet natively supported. HTMLComponents falls into the category of a UI presentation framework more than a browser.
If however, like myself, you want to handle presenting HTML5, PDF, RTF and Word documents without a ton of dependencies (Chromium adds 150Mb worth of libraries you need to ship), provide your users with a compliant HTML WYSIWYG Editor – and also deliver those fancy animated UI elements – then you are going to love HTMLComponents.
I should mention that HTMLComponents has its own scripting engine, but it’s not JavaScript. But for those situations where a script is needed, you can tap into the scripting engine if you like. Or deal with everything natively. It’s your choice.
Document editor
The reason I mentioned Alexander’s architecture and how his codebase has evolved, is because a high performance document rendering engine can be very useful for a variety of tasks.
One thing is rendering HTML5 with all the bells and whistles that entails, but what about RTF? What about Word documents? What about PDF documents? Once you have a rock solid engine capable of representing HTML5, the next logical step is to branch out and work with the other formats of our times. And that is just what Alexander did.
But before we look at those features, let’s have a peek at what components you get.
As you can see from the picture above, HTMLComponents is not just about drawing HTML. Being able to represent HTML is useful in a variety of situations since it simplifies visual feedback that would otherwise be very time consuming to implement. So instead of limiting that power to a single control, HTMLComponents come with common controls that have been infused with superior graphical powers.
The most powerful component in the above list is without a doubt the HTML editor component (also notice that the package installs both standard and DB variations of the various controls). This is quite simply a fully compliant WYSIWYG editor – complete with all the formatting features you expect.
- WYSIWYG editing.
- Does not use IE or other libraries (100% native Delphi code).
- Supports all Delphi versions from Delphi 5 to Delphi 10.4 Sydney.
- Supports Lazarus (Windows/Linux)
- VCL (Win32/64) FMX (Windows / OSX / Android / iOS / Linux)
- Full support for touch-screen devices – gestures, text selection (Windows Tablets/Screens, iOS, Android, OSX)
- Smooth scrolling on Android and iOS.
- Unicode support for Delphi 6 – 2007 (requires TNTUnicode).
- Scalable (High DPI support).
- Live spellchecking and autocorrection (built-in support for Addict).
- Live text styles preview (font family,size, color, background).
- RTF and MS Word DOCX Import on all platforms.
- PDF export on Windows, Android, OSX and iOS.
- DB-Aware version
- Full support for HTML tags and CSS properties.
- Full access from Delphi code to DOM and Styles.
- Images, lists, blocks, font styles
- Tables support
- Print and Print Preview
- Embedded Find dialog, Text search, Document Index generation.
- Copy from/paste to MS Word, browsers and other applications
- Embedded Markdown, Pascal and HTML syntax highlighting.
- HTML-based editor controls (HtFontCombo, HtFontSizeCombo, HtColorCombo, HtTableAddCombo, HtBorderCombo, HtTableBorderCombo)
That is a solid list of features, and did I mention you get full source-code?
HTML empowered controls
If you are looking over the list of controls above and expecting to find something like a browser or viewer control, you won’t find it. The closest thing to a HTML viewer is the panel control (THtPanel). It exposes properties and methods to populate it with HTML (as does all the controls), set what type of scrollbars you need (if any), how to deal with links, images and CSS styling – and then it’s a matter of feeding some HTML into the control.
Obviously controls like THtCombobox have behavior that is dictated by the OS, but you can style the child elements (rows for example) being displayed, the border etc. using the full might of HTML5. And yes, you can apply CSS transitions there as well – which is (excuse my french) bloody spectacular!
I mentioned that HTMLComponents were not designed to be a browser replacement, but rather to make it easier for native developers to tap into the design power and visual feedback that makes HTML5 so productive to use for UIs. Well, once you have set the properties for a panel and given it some HTML -you can do some pretty amazing things!
HTML takes a lot of grunt work out of the equation for you. For example, let’s say you wanted to produce a demo like the one in the picture above (see direct link in the next paragraph). With all the effects, transitions, pictures and displacement elements. Just how much work would that be in traditional Delphi or C++ ?
Note: You can download the Demo application directly, here:
https://delphihtmlcomponents.com/csstransforms.zip
First you would need a panel container for each picture, then a canvas to hold the picture, then you would need to handle the interaction events- and finally access the canvas to draw the many alpha blended transitions (the picture here really doesn’t do the framework credit, you have to see them to fully appreciate the level of detail and performance HTMLComponents delivers). And all of that is before you have new elements flying in from the sides or above, that fades perfectly with the backdrop. All of it working according to a timeline (tweening as its called).
Instead of all that work, having to write a tweening engine, 32 bit alpha-blending DIBs (device independent bitmaps), deal with god knows how much work — you can just deliver some HTML and CSS and let HTMLComponents handle all of it. With zero external dependencies I might add! This is a pure Delphi library. There are no references to external browser controls or anything of the kind. HTMLComponents does exactly what it says on the box – namely to render HTML5 at high speed. And it delivers.
Here is the HTML for one of the pictures with effects in the demo:
<div class="view view-sixth">
<img src="images/13.jpg" />
<div class="mask">
<h2>Hover Style #6</h2>
<p>A wonderful serenity has taken possession ..</p>
<a href="#" class="info">Read More</a>
</div>
</div>
And here is the CSS animation transition code for the same. Please note that the original code contained definitions for IE, Opera, Webkit and Firefox. I removed those for readability:
.view-sixth img {
transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out 0.5s;
}
.view-sixth .mask {
background-color: rgba(146,96,91,0.5);
filter: alpha(opacity=0);
opacity: 0;
transition: all 0.3s ease-in 0.4s;
}
.view-sixth h2 {
filter: alpha(opacity=0);
opacity: 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
background: transparent;
margin: 20px 40px 0px 40px;
transform: scale(10);
transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0.1s;
}
.view-sixth p {
filter: alpha(opacity=0);
opacity: 0;
transform: scale(10);
transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out 0.2s;
}
.view-sixth a.info {
filter: alpha(opacity=0);
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(100px);
transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out 0.1s;
}
.view-sixth:hover .mask {
filter: alpha(opacity=100);
opacity: 1;
transition-delay: 0s;
}
.view-sixth:hover img {
transition-delay: 0s;
}
.view-sixth:hover h2 {
filter: alpha(opacity=100);
opacity: 1;
transform: scale(1);
transition-delay: 0.1s;
}
.view-sixth:hover p {
filter: alpha(opacity=100);
opacity: 1;
transform: scale(1);
transition-delay: 0.2s;
}
.view-sixth:hover a.info {
filter: alpha(opacity=100);
opacity: 1;
transform: translateY(0px);
transition-delay: 0.3s;
}
If CSS is not something you normally don’t bother with, the code above might look complex and alien. But there are tons of websites that have wizards, tutorials and even online editors (!), so if you take the time to read up on how CSS transitions work (they are quite easy), you will knock out some impressive effects in no time.
Once you have built up a collection of such effects, just link it into your Delphi application as a resource if you don’t want external files. Personally I think its a good thing to setup the UI in separate files like that, because then you can update the UI without forcing a binary installation on your customers.
So if we consider the amount of Delphi code we would have to write to deliver the same demo using stock VCL, sum up the cost in hours – and most likely the end result as well (Alexander is exceptionally good at graphical coding), I for one cant imagine why anyone would ignore HTMLComponents. I mean serious, you are not going to beat Alexander’s code here. And why would you waste all that time when you can buy ready to use controls with source-code for such a modest price?
Office formats
I mentioned briefly that with a powerful document rendering engine in place, that the next step of the way would be to cover more formats than just HTML. And this is indeed what Alexander has done.
If you invest in his Add-On Office package for HTMLComponents, you will be able to load and display a variety of document formats. And just like HTMLComponents the code is 100% Delphi and has zero dependencies. There are no COM objects or ActiveX bindings involved. Alexander’s code loads, parses and converts these documents instantly to HTML5, and you can view the results using HTMLComponents or in any modern browser.
Following document formats are supported:
- Rich Text Format (RTF)
- MS Word 6-2007 binary format (DOC)
- MS Word XML document (DOCX)
- MS Power Point binary format (PPT)
- MS Power Point XML format (PPTX)
- MS Excel binary format (XLS)
- MS Excel XML format (XLSX)
- Adobe PDF format (PDF)
- Supercalc format (SXC)
- EPUB (electronic books).
Besides the document conversion classes you also get the following code, which is pretty hard-core and useful:
- EMF/WMF to SVG conversion
- TTF to WOFF conversion
- TTF normalization
- TTF to SVG conversion
- CFF to TTF conversion
- Adobe PostScript to TTF conversion.
For me this was a god-send because I was using Gnostice’s PDF viewer to display the documentation for Quartex Pascal in the IDE. Being able to drop that dependency (and cost!) and use HTMLComponents uniformly throughout the IDE makes for a much smaller codebase – and cleaner code.
Final thoughts
The amount of code you get with HTMLComponents is quite frankly overwhelming. One thing is dealing with a tag based format, but once you throw special effects, transitions and standards into the mix – it quickly becomes a daunting task. But Alexander is delivering one of the best written component packages I have had the pleasure of owning. If you need a fresh UI for your application, be it POS, embedded or desktop utilities – HTMLComponents will significantly reduce the time spent.
I should also underline that HTMLComponents also works on FMX and Mobile devices ( Windows, OS X, Android, iOS and Linux even!). I’m not a huge fan of FMX myself so being able to design my forms using HTML and write event handlers in native Delphi is perfect. FMX has a lot of power, but the level of detail involved can be frustrating. HTMLComponents takes the grunt out of it, so I can focus on application specific tasks rather than doing battle with the UI.
The only thing I would like to see added, is support for JavaScript. HTMLComponents makes it easy for you to intercept scripts and deal with them yourself (HTMLComponents also have a pascal inspired script), but I do hope Alexander takes the time to add Besen (a native Delphi JavaScript engine) as an option. It really is the only thing I can think of in the “should have” apartment. Everything else is already in there.
I have to give HTMLComponents 9 out of 10 stars. It would have scored a perfect 10 with JS support. But this is the highest score I have ever given on my blog, so that’s astronomical. Well done Alexander! I look forward to digging into the office suite in the weeks ahead, and will no doubt revisit this topic in further articles.
Visit Alexander’s website here: https://www.delphihtmlcomponents.com/index.html
Quartex Pascal Build 13b ships
While it can come across as disingenuous, I frickin love this project! As a developer yourself you know that feeling, when you manage to unify various aspects of your program, so that it all fits just perfectly. And the way I implemented file-handling and editors is within that sweet spot.
What is new?
It’s been a couple of weeks since I posted here last, so the list of changes will be quite dramatic. I think its best to focus on the highlights or this post would become very long!
Ironwood license management
Up until 2018 one of my products was a component package called HexLicense. This is a component package for Delphi that provides serial number validation, license handling and (most importantly) serial number minting. The HexLicense components were sold commercially until 2018 when I took them off the market and open-sourced (access was via Patreon. It is now moved to the Quartex Pascal project instead).
Im not going to go into how difficult it is to produce thousands of distinctly different serial numbers based on seed data, but it’s no walk in the park.
The final implementation I made for license minting and validation, was called Ironwood. It took the engine behind HexLicense and took it to a completely new level, incorporating both obfuscation and number modulation.
Needless to say, Ironwood is now a part of the Quartex Pascal RTL. To make it easier to work with the IDE has a nice utility for generating license-numbers, loading and saving keys, exporting license number batches – and much more.
There is also a ready-to-rock node.js application that can generate keys from the command-line (which is good to invoke from a server or service, so that it executes as a separate process).
HTML structure provider
The IDE has a very clean internal architecture, where the actual work is isolated in a set of easy to understand classes. One of these classes is called a TIDEAstProvider class. This is a class whose job it is to parse and otherwise work with whatever content an editor has, and deliver symbolic information that can be displayed in the file-structure treeview.
Obviously we have an object pascal provider, which will quickly compile and generate an AST very quickly in memory. This is used to power both the structure treeview and the code-suggestion.
Next, we have the exact same provider for JavaScript. So when you open a JavaScript file, the file will be processed to produce an AST, and the symbol information will be displayed exactly like your object pascal is. So behavior between these are identical.
We now also have a HTML provider, with a CSS provider on the way. The HTML provider is still in its infancy, but its flexible enough to represent a good foundation to work with. So I will no doubt return to this task later to smarten the provider logic up, and better handle un-valid HTML and CSS.
Code suggestion
Code suggestion is a pretty standard function these days. We have had support for this under Object Pascal for a while now in the IDE (with JavaScript on the way).
Note: the code suggestion-box is un-styled at this point. Custom painting will be added once the core functionality is done.
Code suggestion for HTML is now in place too. It needs a bit of polish since the rules for HTML are wildly different from a programming language, but common behavior like TAG suggestion is there — with attributes, properties and events to follow.
So even if you are not an object pascal developer, the IDE should be nice to work with for traditional JavaScript / HTML code.
Form Recognition
While we cannot activate the form-designer just yet, since we need more AST functionality to extract things like class properties and attributes “live” to be able to do that properly — we are getting really close to that milestone.
The IDE however now recognize form files, so if your unit has an accompanying DFM file, the IDE is smart enough to open up a form-page. Form pages are different from ordinary pascal pages, since they also have the form designer control on a sub-tab. More or less identical to Delphi and Lazarus.
It is going to be so nice to get the form-designer activated. Especially the stack-based layout, which makes scalable, dynamic layout easy to create and work with.
The QTX RTL also supports orientation awareness as a part of the visual component system. One of the first things you will notice when exploring the code, is that ReSize() ships in an Orientation parameter, so you can adjust your layout accordingly.
Help and documentation inside the IDE
The IDE now has a PDF viewer with search functionality built-in. So when you click on Help and Documentation, a tab which shows the documentation PDF opens. This makes it easy to read, learn and find the information you need fast.
Well, that was a brief overview of what has changed since last time!
Next update is, as always, the weekends. We tend to land on sundays for new binaries, but do issue hotfixes in the evenings (weekdays) if something critical shows up.
Come join the fun!
Want to support the project? All financial backers that donates $100+ get their name in the product, access to the full IDE source-code on completion, and access to the Quartex Media Desktop system (which is a complete web desktop with a clustered back-end, compiled to JavaScript and running on node.js. Portable, platform and chipset independent, and very powerful).
A smaller sum monthly is also welcome. The project would not exist without members backing it with $100, $200 etc every month. This both motivates and helps me allocate hours for continuous work.
When the IDE is finished you will also have access to the IDE source-code through special dispensation. Backers have rights since they have helped create the project.
All donations are welcome, both large and small. But donations over $100, especially reoccurring, is what drives this project forward.
Remember to send me a message on Facebook so I can add you to the Admin group: https://www.facebook.com/quartexnor/
Quartex Pascal, status
With Quartex Pascal development at full steam and a dedicated Facebook group for the backers – It’s not often that I post updates here on my blog. One of the benefits of being a backer is that you have direct access to the latest builds, and also that you take part in the dialog on the group.
Be that as it may, here are some of the news happening with Quartex Pascal!
What’s new?
Quite a bit has happened since my last blog post. The IDE is coming together piece by piece, and at the moment i’m focusing on helper functionality for the AST (abstract symbol tree).
As you no doubt know, when a program is compiled it’s first parsed and converted into objects in memory. So every inch of your program becomes an elaborate tree-structure. This structure is what is commonly called the AST – and it is the raw material if you will, that code is generated from. In our case we don’t produce machine code, but rather JavaScript.
As you can imagine such an AST is quite complex. It has to be able to represent all the nuances of Object Pascal, as well as simplify finding information about everything. Every datatype, every record, class or complex structure, every field, expression — it all exists within the AST.
Without code to quickly traverse and work with the AST, things like code suggestions, parameter suggestions, code completion, the much loved ctrl + click — none of those would work. So while boring, it has to be done.
Oh and the mini-map has been re-implemented from scratch, so it’s now fast, accurate and responsive – and it works with mousewheel and keyboard.
Code suggestion
One of features that is bubbling up to the surface right now, is code suggestion. It’s something that we simply take for granted these days, and we dont really consider how much work it is to make. Eric has done a lot to simplify this for DWScript, but you still have to build up the codebase around it. But thankfully that is now largely done, leaving only a bit of styling and focus handling.
Form Files
In the previous build the IDE only recognized unit files (.pas), but in the current version it will check for an accompanying .DFM file. If a form-design file exists, it will open up a form-designer page rather than a pure code page.
The form-designer itself has received a bit of love lately too. Keyboard shortcuts have been added, such as holding down CTRL during a multiple selection — and changes to the layout is signaled back to the IDE and reflected in save-states changing (i.e if you change a form layout, the Save and Save All icon becomes enabled).
The form layout objects (visual widgets) have also been re-worked a bit. We want our DFM file-format to be JSON, so full JSON object persistence has been implemented. The form-designer widgets inherit from TQTXJSONPersistent, making it a literal one-liner to load and save form design.
We do need to wait for the AST explorer code to finish though, before you can start dragging & dropping widgets. Visual controls dont magically appear by themselves. Packages must be registered, and visual controls must likewise be registered with the IDE before they become known to the designer. So once the AST code is finished, we move on to packages – and finally glue the pieces together.
RTL advancements
The RTL has seen just as much changes as the IDE itself, and for good reason. Unlike “other” Web Technology tools, Quartex Pascal has an RTL that supports everything HTML5 has to offer. You are not limited to a static, fixed layout like we are used to under Delphi or Lazarus.
The ability to work with dynamic layout presents some interesting and highly efficient design opportunities. I find myself using the blocking layout model more and more, since it simplifies building up a dynamic UI that scales. Being able to work with different font scales too, like point (pt), as opposed to traditional pixel (px) closes the circle; it makes it possible to implement visual components that can scale it’s content to fit the container. This in turn simplifies writing software that renders well on both Desktop, Mobile and browser.
The changes has been too many to list here, but I have pretty much implemented all the event delegate objects (more to come), tweaked creation speed even further – and added additional polyfill files that ensures that your code works on every browser (a polyfill is a fallback system, so if a browser lacks a feature – the polyfill is used instead).
Application models
Under Quartex Pascal the TApplication object plays an important role, much more than you are used to under Delphi or Lazarus. It is TApplication that is responsible for maintaining your layout – and ultimately how forms are shown.
- If you are writing a mobile application you obviously want your forms to slide into view, just like native applications do on iPhone and Android.
- If you are writing a client-server website solution, you might prefer that forms covers the full width of the browser, with variable height – with the user switching forms by clicking on a toolbar, menu option or link.
- Perhaps you would like the forms to the stacked vertically, so that each form comes into view as the user scrolls downwards – perhaps with some fancy effect, or a static background behind the forms.
- And last but not least, you might prefer that your web application looks and behaves like a Windows desktop application. With multiple windows that can be moved around, a normal menu system on top of each window – or on top of the browser.
The only way to consolidate these diverse and even conflicting layout models, is to implement several TApplication classes; each one representing the layout model you want to work with. So when your create a project, you pick the layout model you want – and the correct TApplication is chosen and generated for your project.
Actual menus
The RTL have seen a few new widgets added, but the most interesting one is without a doubt the Menu widget. This is a widget that mimics how a normal menu works in a real program.
Creating a menu might not sound interesting, but it’s actually a small challenge under HTML. Not the coding itself, but dealing with menu presentation without visual artifacts. Whenever you click a menu that has a sub-menu attached, the new menu is created from code dynamically. It’s positioned at the end of it’s invoker (to the right of the parent menu item) and should only show up when all it’s child elements have been created.
This was very tricky to get right under a competing system, because the way elements was created was, well, wrong. You want to avoid reflows at all cost during the constructor – otherwise there will be visual artifacts and flickering. But that is not an issue under QTX. And the speed is insane. Even with 100 recursive items on a menu container, it’s virtually instantaneous.
If you are wondering why this makes any difference, you have to remember Quartex Media Desktop. This is not a simple toy with an onClick event, but can be bound into the process tree of the media desktop. The new code is barely 500 lines of code, the older version was over 3000 lines of code.
The goal for the IDE is that you can create a full desktop as a project. Not just programs that should run on the desktop (and its Ragnarok message protocol interface) – but the actual desktop system, which also covers several node.js system services.
The reason this is cool is because this enables you to deliver full scale, desktop level software purely through the browser. Such a desktop would be suitable for a school, a tutoring company, as an intranet – or for teams that need to share files, chat in realtime — and do their software development via the same web interface.
So it’s “a little bit” bigger than some mock desktop.
Come join the fun!
Want to support the project? All financial backers that donates $100+ get their name in the product, access to the full IDE source-code on completion, and access to the Quartex Media Desktop system (which is a complete web desktop with a clustered back-end, compiled to JavaScript and running on node.js. Portable, platform and chipset independent, and very powerful).
A smaller sum monthly is also welcome. The project would not exist without members backing it with $100, $200 etc every month. This both motivates and helps me allocate hours for continuous work.
When the IDE is finished you will also have access to the IDE source-code through special dispensation. Backers have rights since they have helped create the project.
All donations are welcome, both large and small. But donations over $100, especially reoccurring, is what drives this project forward.
Remember to send me a message on Facebook so I can add you to the Admin group: https://www.facebook.com/quartexnor/
Quartex Pascal, Build 10b is out for backers
I am deeply moved by some of the messages I have received about Quartex Pascal. Typically from people who either bought Smart Mobile studio or have followed my blog over the years. In short, developers that like to explore new ideas; people who also recognize some of the challenges large and complex run-time libraries like the VCL, FMX and LCL face in 2020.
Since I started with all this “compile to JavaScript” stuff, the world has changed. And while I’m not always right – I was right about this. JavaScript will and have evolved into a power-house. Largely thanks to Microsoft killing Basic. But writing large scale applications in JavaScript, that is extremely time consuming — which is where Quartex Pascal comes in.
Quartex Pascal evolves every weekend. There are at least 2 builds each weekend for backers. Why not become a backer and see the product come to life? Get instant access to new builds, the docs, and learn why QTX code runs so much faster than the alternatives?
A very important distinction
Let me first start by iterating what I mentioned in my previous post, namely that I am no longer involved with The Smart Company. Nor am I involved with Smart Mobile Studio. I realize that it can be difficult for some to separate me from that product, since I blogged and created momentum for it for more than a decade. But alas, life change and sometimes you just have to let go.
The QTX Framework which today has become a fully operational RTL was written by me back between 2013-2014 (when I was not working for the company due to my spinal injury). And the first version of that framework was released under an open-source license.
When I returned to The Smart Company, it was decided that to save time – we would pull the QTX Framework into the Smart RTL. Since I owned the QTX Framework, and it was open source, it was perfectly fine to include the code. The code was bound by the open source licensing model, so we broke no rules including it. And I gave dispensation that it could be included (although the original license explicitly stated that the units should remain untouched and separate, and only inherited from).
Quartex Media Desktop, a complete desktop system (akin to X Windows for Linux) written completely in Object Pascal, including a clustered, service oriented back-end. All of it done in Quartex Pascal — a huge project in its own right. Under Quartex Pascal, this is now a project type, which means you can have your own cloud solution at the click of a button.
As I left the company for good before joining Embarcadero, The Smart Company and myself came to an agreement that the parts of QTX that still exists in the Smart Mobile Studio RTL, could remain. It would be petty and small to make a huge number out of it, and I left on my own terms. No point ruining all that hard work we did. So we signed an agreement that underlined that there would be overlaps here and there in our respective codebases, and that the QTX Framework and Quartex Media Desktop was my property.
Minor overlaps
As mentioned there will be a few minor overlaps, but nothing substantial. The class hierarchy and architecture of the QTX RTL is so different, that 90% of the code in the Smart RTL simply won’t work. And I made it that way on purpose so there would be no debates over who made what.
QTX represents how I felt the RTL should have been done. And its very different from where Smart Mobile Studio ended up.
The overlaps are simple and few, but it can be helpful for Smart developers to know about if they plan on taking QTX for a test-drive:
- TInteger, TString and TVariant. These were actually ported from Delphi (part of the Sith Library, a pun on Delphi’s Jedi Library).
- TDataTypeConverter came in through the QTX Framework. It has been completely re-written from scratch. The QTX version is endian aware (works on both ARM, X86 and PPC). Classes that deal with binary data (like TStream, TBuffer etc) inherit from TDataTypeConverter. That way, you dont have to call a secondary instance just to perform conversion. This is easier and much more efficient.
- Low-level codecs likewise came from the QTX Framework, but I had to completely re-write the architecture. The old model could only handle binary data, while the new codec classes also covers text based formats. Codecs can be daisy-chained so you can do encoding, compression and encryption by feeding data into the first, and catching the processed data from the last codec in the chain. Very handy, especially when dealing with binary messages and database drivers.
- The in-memory dataset likewise came from the QTX Framework. This is probably the only unit that has remained largely unchanged. So that is a clear overlap between the Smart RTL and QTX.
- TextCraft is an open source library that covers Delphi, Freepascal and DWScript. The latter was pulled in and used as the primary text-parser in Smart. This is also the default parser for QTX, and have been largely re-written so it could be re-published under the Shareware license.
Since the QTX RTL is very different from Smart, I haven’t really bothered to use all of the old code. Stuff like the CSS Effects units likewise came from the QTX Framework, but the architecture I made for Smart is not compatible with QTX, so it makes no sense using that code. I ported my Delphi tweening library to DWScript in 2019, which was a part of my Patreon project. So most of the effects in QTX use our own tweening library. This has some very powerful perks, like being able to animate a property on any object rather than just a HTML Element. And you can use it for Canvas drawing too, which is nice.
Progress. Where are we now?
So, where am I in this work right now? The RTL took more or less 1 year to write from scratch. I only have the weekends for this type of work, and it would have been impossible without my backers. So I cannot thank each backer enough for the faith in this. The RTL and new IDE is actually just a stopping point on the road to a much bigger project, namely CloudForge, which is the full IDE running as an application on the Quartex Media Desktop. But first, let’s see what has been implemented!
AST unit view
The Unit Overview panel. Easy access to ancestor classes as links (still early R&D). And the entire RTL on a second tab. This makes it very easy to learn the new RTL. There is also proper documentation, both as PDF and standard helpfile.
When the object-pascal code is compiled by DWScript, it goes through a vigorous process of syntax checking, parsing, tokenizing and symbolization (or objectification is perhaps a better word), where every inch of the code is transformed into objects that the compiler can work with and produce code from. These symbols are isolated in what is known as an AST, short for “Abstract Symbol Tree”. Basically a massive in-memory tree structure that contains your entire program reduced to symbols and expressions.
In order for us to have a live structural view of the current unit, I have created a simple background process that compiles the current unit, grabs the resulting AST, locates the unit symbol, and then displays the information in a meaningful way. This is the exact same as most other IDE’s do, be it Visual Studio, Embarcadero Delphi, or Lazarus.
So we have that in place already. I also want to make it more elaborate, where you can click yourself to glory by examining ancestors, interfaces, partial class groups – as well as an option to include inherited members (which should be visually different). Either way, the AST code is done. Just need to consolidate a few tidbits so that each Treeview node retains information about source-code location (so that when you double-click a symbol, the IDE navigates to where the symbol exists in the codebase).
JavaScript parsing and compilation
QTX doesn’t include just one compiler, but three. In order for the unit structure to also work for JavaScript files I have modified Besen, which is an ES5 compatible JavaScript engine written in Delphi. And I use this much like DWScript to parse and work with the AST.
Besen is a wonderful compiler. Where DWScript produces JavaScript from Object Pascal, Besen produces bytecodes from JavaScript (which are further JIT compiled). This opens up for some interesting options. I need to add support for ES6 though, modules and require are especially important for modern node.js programming (and yes, the QTX RTL supports these concepts)
HTML5 Rendering and CSS preview
Instead of using Chromium inside the IDE, which is pretty demanding, I have decided to go for HTMLComponents to deal with “normal” tasks. The “Welcome” tab-page for example — it would be complete overkill to use a full Chromium instance just for that, and TEdgeBrowser is likewise shooting sparrows with a Bazooka.
THTMLComponents have a blistering fast panel control that can render more or less any HTML5 document you throw at it (much better than the old TFrameViewer component). But obviously, it doesn’t have JS support. But we won’t be using JS when displaying static information – or indeed, editing HTML5 compliant content.
WYSIWYG Editor
The biggest benefit for HTMLComponents, is that it’s a fully operational HTML compliant editor. Which means you can do more or less all your manual design with that editor. In Quartex Pascal there is direct support for HTML files. Quartex works much like Visual Studio code, except it has visual designers. So you can create a HTML file and either type in the code manually, or switch to the HTMLComponents editor.
Which is what products like Help & Manual uses it for
Image from HTMLComponents application gallery website
Support for HTML, CSS and JS files directly
While not new, this is pretty awesome. Especially since we can do a bit of AST navigation here too to present similar information as we do for Object Pascal. The whole concept behind the QTX RTL, is that you have full control over everything. You can stick to a normal Delphi like form designer and absolute positioning, or you can opt for a more dynamic approach where you create content via code. This is perfect for modern websites that blend scrolling, effects and content (both dynamic and static content) for a better user experience.
You can even (spoiler alert), take a piece of HTML and convert it into visual controls at runtime. That is a very powerful function, because when doing large-scale, elaborate custom controls – you can just tell the RTL “hey, turn this piece of HTML into a visual control for me, and deliver it back when you are ready).
Proper Form Designer
Writing a proper form designer like Delphi has is no walk in the park. It has to deal not just with a selected control, but also child elements. It also has to be able to select multiple elements based on key-presses (shift + click adds another item to the selection), or from the selection rectangle.
A property form layout control. Real-time rendering of controls is also possible, courtesy of HTMLComponents. But to be honest, it just gets in the way. Its much easier to work with this type of designer. It’s fast, responsive, accurate and will have animated features that makes it a joy to work with.
Well, that’s not going to be a problem. I spent a considerable amount of time writing a proper form designer, one that takes both fixed and dynamic content into account. So the Quartex form designer handles both absolute and stacked layout modes (stacked means top-down, what in HTML is knock as blocking element display, where each section stretch to the full width, and only have a defined height [that you can change]).
Node.js Service Protocol Designer
Writing large-scale servers, especially clustered ones, is very fiddly in vanilla JavaScript under node.js. It takes 3 seconds to create a server object, but as we all know, without proper error handling, a concurrent message format, modern security and a solid framework to handle it all — that “3 second” thing falls to the ground quickly.
This is where the Ragnarok message system comes in. Which is both a message framework, and a set of custom servers adapted for dealing with that type of data. It presently supports WebSocket, TCP and UDP. But expanding that to include REST is very easy.
This is where the full might of the QTX Framework begins to dawn. As i wrote before we started on the Quartex Media Desktop (Which this IDE and RTL is a part of), in the future developers wont just drag & drop components on a form; they will drag & drop entire ecosystems ..
But the power of the system is not just in how it works, and how you can create your own protocols, and then have separate back-end services deal with one part of your infrastructure’s workload. It is because you can visually design the protocols using the Node Builder. This is being moved into the QTX IDE as I type. So should make it for Build 12 next weekend.
In short, you design your protocols, messages and types – a bit like RemObjects SDK if you have used that. And the IDE generates both server and client code for you. All you have to do is fill in the content that acts on the messages. Everything else is handled by the server components.
Suddenly, you can spend a week writing a large-scale, platform agnostic service stack — that would have taken JavaScript developers months to complete. And instead of having to manage a 200.000 lines codebase in JavaScript — you can enjoy a 4000 line, easily maintainable Object Pascal codebase.
Build 11
Im hoping to have build 11 out tomorrow (Sunday) for my backers. Im still experimenting a bit with the symbol information panel, since I want it to be informative not just for classes, but also for methods and properties. Making it easy to access ancestor implementations etc.
I also need to work a bit more on the JS parsing. Under ES5 its typical to use variables to hold objects (which is close to how we think of a class), so composite and complex datatypes must be expanded. I also need to get symbol position to work property, because since Besen is a proper bytecode compiler, it doesn’t keep as much information in it’s AST as DWScript does.
Widgets (which is what visual controls are called under QTX) should appear in build 12 or 13. The IDE supports zip-packages. The file-source system I made for the TVector library (published via Embarcadero’s website a few months back) allows us to mount not just folders as a file-source, but also zip files. So QTX component packages will be ordinary zip-files containing the .pas files, asset files and a metadata descriptor file that tells the IDE what to expect. Simple, easy and very effective.
Support the project!
Want to support the project? All financial backers that donates $100+ get their name in the product, access to the full IDE source-code on completion, and access to the Quartex Media Desktop system (which is a complete web desktop with a clustered back-end, compiled to JavaScript and running on node.js. Portable, platform and chipset independent, and very powerful).
Your help matters! It pays for components, hours and above all, tools and motivation. In return, you get full access to everything and a perpetual license. No backers will ever pay a cent for any future version of Quartex Pascal. Note: PM me after donating so I can get you added to the admin group! Click here to visit paypal: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/quartexNOR
All donations are welcome, both large and small. But donations over $100, especially reoccurring, is what drives this project forward. It also gets you access to the Quartex Developer group on Facebook where new builds, features etc is happening. It is the best way to immediately get the latest build, read documentation as its written and see the product come to life!
Quartex Pascal, convergence is near
A Quartex Cluster of 5 x ODroid XU4. A $400 super computer running Quartex media Desktop. Enough to power a school.
I only have the weekends to work on Quartex Pascal, but I have spent the past 18 months tinkering away, making up for wasted time. So I’m just going to leave some pictures here for you to enjoy.
Note: I was asked on LinkedIn if this has anything to do with Smart Mobile Studio, and the answer is a resounding no. I have nothing to do with Smart any more. QTX Pascal is a completely separate project that is written from scratch by yours truly.
The QTX Framework was initially a library I created back in 2014, but it has later been completely overhauled and turned into a full RTL. It is not compatible with Smart Pascal and has a completely different architecture.
QTX Pascal is indirectly funded by the Amiga Retro Community (which might sound strange, but the technical level of that community is beyond anything I have encountered elsewhere) since QTX is central to the creation of the Quartex Media Desktop. It is a shame that Embarcadero decided to not back the project. The compiler and toolchain would have been a part of Delphi by now, and I wouldn’t have to write a separate IDE. But when they see what this system can deliver in terms of services, database work, mobile and embedded -they might regret it. The project only accepts donation funding, I am not interested in investors or partners. If you want a vision turned into reality, you gotta do it yourself. Everything else just gets in the way.
For developers by developers
Quartex Pascal is made for the community. It will be free for students and open-source projects. And a commercial license will never exceed $300. It is a shareware license and the financial aspects is purely to help fund further research and development of the desktop cloud platform. The final goal (CloudForge) is to compile the IDE itself to JavaScript, so people only need a browser to write enterprise level applications via Quartex Media Desktop. When that is finished, my work is done – and people have a clear path to the future.
Unlike other systems, QTX started with the non-visual stuff, so the system has a well implemented infrastructure for writing universal services and servers, using node.js as a deployment host. Services are also Docker friendly. Runs without change on Windows, Mac OS, Linux and a wealth of embedded systems and SBCs (single board computers)
A completely new RTL written from scratch generates close to native speed JS, highly compatible (even with legacy browsers) and rock solid
There are several display modes for QTX forms, from dynamic to absolute positioning. You can mix and match between HTML and QTX code, including a HTML5 compliant WYSIWYG editor and style manager. Makes content handling a lot easier
Write object pascal, JavaScript, HTML, LDEF (webassembly), node.js services – or mix and match between them all for maximum potential. Writing mobile applications is now ridiculously easy compared to “other tools” out there.
Oh and for the proverbial frosting — The full clustered Quartex Media desktop and services is a project type. Thats right. A complete cloud infrastructure suitable for teams, kiosks, embedded, schools, intranets – and even an replacement OS for ChromeOS. You don’t need to interface with Amazon, you get your own Amazon (optional naturally).
Filesystem over websocket, IPC between hosted apps and desktop, full back-end services that are clustered, and run on anything from a Raspberry PI 4 to low-cost ARM SBCs.
Web Assembly made easy. Both for Delphi and QTX
Let there be rock
Oh, and documentation. Loads and loads of documentation.
Proper documentation, both class overview and explanations that a human being has written is paramount for learning and getting up to speed quickly.
I don’t have vacation this year, which means I only have weekends to tinker away. But i have spent the past 18-ish months preparing and slowly finishing the pieces I needed. From vector containers to form design controls, to a completely re-written RTL from scratch — so yeah. This time I’m doing it my way.
Delphi and the absolute keyword
There is a lot of hidden gems in the Delphi environment and compiler, and while some might regard the “absolute” keyword as obsolete, I could not disagree more; in fact I find it to be one of the most useful, flexible aspects of Delphi (and object pascal in general).
The absolute keyword allows you to define a variable of a specific type, yet instruct the compiler that it should use the memory of another variable. I cannot stress how useful this can be when used right, and how much cleaner it can make code that deal with different classes or types – that are binary compatible.
Tab pages revisited
Unlike most I try to avoid the form designer when I can. Im not purist about it, I just find that inheriting out your own controls and augmenting them results in significantly faster code, as well as a fine grained control that ordinary DFM persistence can’t always deliver.
For example: Lets say you have inherited out your own TPageControl. You have also inherited out a few TTabSheet based classes, populating the tabsheets during the constructor – so there is no design data loaded – resulting in faster display time and a more responsive UI.
In one of my events, which is called as TabSheet class is created, allowing me to prepare it, like set the icon glyph for the tab, its caption and so on – the absolute keyword makes my code faster (since there is no type-casting) and more elegant to read.
All I have to do is check for the type, and once I know which type it is, I use the variable of that type that share memory with the initial type, TTabSheet. Like this:
Obviously this is not a live example, its written like this purely to make a point. Namely that the Page parameter can be accessed as a different type without allocating variables or typecasts. Im sure there are some memory use, but i find the above more elegant than 3 x nested if/then/else before you can even touch the pointer.
While this is just a small, miniscule -bordering on pseudo example, the use of absolute can help speed up intensive code by omitting typecasts. Perhaps not above, but in other, more intensive routines dealing with graphics.
It is actually a tremendous help when dealing with low level data conversion (like dealing with 8, 15, 16, 24 and 32 bpp data. When you call routines thousands of times, every bit helps – and absolute is one of those keywords that saves a few cycles per use.
Absolute is definitely one of Delphi’s un-sung heroes. But it’s a scalpel, not a chainsaw!
Using Delphi to fight the Corona Pandemic
I just published an article on Idera’s Community website, focusing on how Delphi and Object Pascal plays a key role in fighting the Corona Pandemic.
My focus this time is on DIPS AS, a Norwegian corporation that produces a wide range of software solutions for hospitals, medical facilities and special care units. They were amoung the first companies in Norway to provide a Covid-19 module through their FastTrak application, which is completely written in Delphi.
Click the link to read the article (or just click the preview image below): https://community.idera.com/developer-tools/b/blog/posts/delphi-in-healthcare-fighting-the-corona-pandemic
Vector Containers For Delphi and FPC
Edit: Version 1.0.1 has been released, with a ton of powerful features. Read about it here and grab your fork: https://jonlennartaasenden.wordpress.com/2020/04/13/qtx-framework-for-delphi-and-fpc-is-available-on-bitbucket/
If you have been looking at C++ and envied them their std::vector classes, wanting the same for Delphi or being able to access untyped memory using a typed-view (basically turning a buffer into an array of <T>) then I have some good news for you!
Vector containers, unified storage model and typed views are just some of the highlights of my vector-library. I did an article on the subject at the Embarcadero community website, so head over and read up on how you can enjoy these features in your Delphi application!
I also added FreePascal support, so that the library can be used with TMS Web Framework.
Head over to the Embarcadero Community website to read the full article
C/C++ porting, QTX and general status
C is a language that I used to play around with a lot back in the Amiga days. I think the last time I used a C compiler to write a library must have been in 1992 or something like that? I held on to my Amiga 1200 for as long as i could – but having fallen completely in love with Pascal, I eventually switched to x86 and went down the Turbo Pascal road.
Lately however, C++ developers have been asking for their own Developer group on Facebook. I run several groups on Facebook in the so-called “developer” family. So you have Delphi Developer, FPC Developer, Node.JS Developer and now – C++Builder developer. The groups more or less tend to themselves, and the node.js and FPC groups are presently being seeded (meaning, that the member count is being grown for a period).
The C++Builder group however, is having the same activity level as the Delphi group almost, thanks to some really good developers that post links, tips and help solve questions. I was also fortunate enough to have David Millington come on the Admin team. David is leading the C++Builder project, so his insight and knowledge of both language and product is exemplary. Just like Jim McKeeth, he is a wonderful resource for the community and chime in with answers to tricky questions whenever he has time to spare.
Getting back in the saddle
Having working some 30 years with Pascal and Object Pascal, 25 of those years in Delphi, C/C++ is never far away. I have an article on the subject that i’ve written for the Idera Community website, so I wont dig too deep into that here — but needless to say, Rad Studio consists of two languages: Object Pascal and C/C++, so no matter how much you love either language, the other is never far away.
So I figured it was time for this old dog to learn some new tricks! I have always said that it’s wise to learn a language immediately below and above your comfort zone. So if Delphi is your favorite language, then C/C++ is below you (meaning: more low level and complex). Above you are languages like JavaScript and C#. Learning JavaScript makes strategic sense (or use DWScript to compile Pascal to JavaScript like I do).
When I started out, the immediate language below Object Pascal was never C, but assembler. So for the longest time I turned to assembler whenever I needed a speed boost; graphics manipulation and processing pixels is especially a field where assembly makes all the difference.
But since C++Builder is indeed an integral part of Rad Studio, and Object Pascal and C/C++ so intimately connected (they have evolved side by side), why not enjoy both assembly and C right?
So I decided to jump back into the saddle and see what I could make of it.
C/C++ is not as hard as you think
I’m having a ball writing C/C++, and just like Delphi – you can start where you are.
While I’m not going to rehash the article I have already prepared for the Idera Community pages here, I do want to encourage people to give it a proper try. I have always said that if you know an archetypal language, you can easily pick up other languages, because the archetypal languages will benefit you for a lifetime. This has to do with archetypal languages operating according to how computers really work; as opposed to optimistic languages (a term from the DB work, optimistic locking), also called contextual languages, like C#, Java, JavaScript etc. are based on how human beings would like things to be.
So I now had a chance to put my money where my mouth is.
When I left C back in the early 90s, I never bothered with OOP. I mean, I used C purely for shared libraries anyways, while the actual programs were done in Pascal or a hybrid language called Blitz Basic. The latter compiled to razor sharp machine code, and you could use inline assembly – which I used a lot back then (very few programmers on those machines went without assembler, it was almost given that you could use 68k in some capacity).
Without ruining the article about to be published, I had a great time with C++Builder. It took a few hours to get my bearings, but since both the VCL and FMX frameworks are there – you can approach C/C++ just like you would Object Pascal. So it’s a matter of getting an overview really.
Needless to say, I’ll be porting a fair share of my libraries to C/C++ when I have time (those that makes sense under that paradigme). It’s always good to push yourself and there are plenty of subtle differences that I found useful.
Quartex Media Desktop
When I last wrote about QTX we were nearing the completion of the FileSystem and Task Management service. The prototype had all its file-handling directly in the core service (or server) which worked just fine — but it was linked to the Smart Pascal RTL. It has taken time to write a new RTL + a full multi-user, platform independent service stack and desktop (phew!) but we are seeing progress!
The QTX Baseline backend services is now largely done
The filesystem service is now largely done! There are a few synchronous calls I want to get rid of, but thankfully my framework has both async and sync variations of all file procedures – so that is now finished.
To make that clearer: first I have to wrap and implement the functionality for the RTL. Once they are in the RTL, I can use those functions to build the service functions. So yeah, it’s been extremely elaborate — but thankfully it’s also become a rich, well organized codebase (both the RTL and the Quartex Media Desktop codebases) – so I think we are ready to get cracking on the core!
The core is still operating with the older API. So our next step is to remove that from the core and instead delegate calls to the filesystem to our new service. So the core will simply be reduced to a post-office or traffic officer if you like. Messages come in from the desktops, and the core delegates the messages to whatever service is in charge of them.
But, this also means that both the core and the desktop must use the new and fancy messages. And this is where I did something very clever.
While I was writing the service, I also write a client class to test (obviously). And the way the core works — means that the same client that the core use to talk to the services — can be used by the desktop as well.
So our work in the desktop to get file-access and drives running again, is to wrap the client in our TQTXDevice ancestor class. The desktop NEVER accesses the API directly. All it knows about are these device drivers (or object instances). Which is how we solve things like DropBox and Google Drive support. The desktop wont have the faintest clue that its using Dropbox, or copying files between a local disk and Google Drive for example — because it only communicates with these device classes.
Recursive stuff
One thing that sucked about node.js function for deleting a folder, is that it’s recursive parameter doesn’t work on Windows or OS X. So I had to implement a full recursive deletefolder routine manually. Not a big thing, but slightly more painful than expected under asynchronous execution. Thankfully, Object Pascal allows for inline defined procedures, so I didn’t have to isolate it in a separate class.
Here is some of the code, a tiny spec compared to the full shabam, but it gives you an idea of what life is like under async conditions:
unit service.file.core;
interface
{.$DEFINE DEBUG}
const
CNT_PREFS_DEFAULTPORT = 1883;
CNT_PREFS_FILENAME = 'QTXTaskManager.preferences.ini';
CNT_PREFS_DBNAME = 'taskdata.db';
CNT_ZCONFIG_SERVICE_NAME = 'TaskManager';
uses
qtx.sysutils,
qtx.json,
qtx.db,
qtx.logfile,
qtx.orm,
qtx.time,
qtx.node.os,
qtx.node.sqlite3,
qtx.node.zconfig,
qtx.node.cluster,
qtx.node.core,
qtx.node.filesystem,
qtx.node.filewalker,
qtx.fileapi.core,
qtx.network.service,
qtx.network.udp,
qtx.inifile,
qtx.node.inifile,
NodeJS.child_process,
ragnarok.types,
ragnarok.Server,
ragnarok.messages.base,
ragnarok.messages.factory,
ragnarok.messages.network,
service.base,
service.dispatcher,
service.file.messages;
type
TQTXTaskServiceFactory = class(TMessageFactory)
protected
procedure RegisterIntrinsic; override;
end;
TQTXFileWriteCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; Error: Exception);
TQTXFileStateCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; Error: Exception);
TQTXUnRegisterLocalDeviceCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; DiskName: string; Error: Exception);
TQTXRegisterLocalDeviceCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalPath: string; Error: Exception);
TQTXFindDeviceCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception);
TQTXGetDisksCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; Devices: JDeviceList; Error: Exception);
TQTXGetFileInfoCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalName: string; Info: JStats; Error: Exception);
TQTXGetTranslatePathCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; Original, Translated: string; Error: Exception);
TQTXCheckDevicePathCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; PathName: string; Error: Exception);
TQTXServerExecuteCB = procedure (TagValue: variant; Data: string; Error: Exception);
TQTXTaskService = class(TRagnarokService)
private
FPrefs: TQTXIniFile;
FLog: TQTXLogEmitter;
FDatabase: TSQLite3Database;
FZConfig: TQTXZConfigClient;
FRegHandle: TQTXDispatchHandle;
FRegCount: integer;
procedure HandleGetDevices(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleGetDeviceByName(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleCreateLocalDevice(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleDestroyDevice(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleFileRead(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleFileReadPartial(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleGetFileInfo(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleFileDelete(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleFileWrite(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleFileWritePartial(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleFileRename(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleGetDir(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleMkDir(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure HandleRmDir(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
procedure ExecuteExternalJS(Params: array of string;
TagValue: variant; const CB: TQTXServerExecuteCB);
procedure SendError(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage; Message: string);
protected
function GetFactory: TMessageFactory; override;
procedure SetupPreferences(const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
procedure SetupLogfile(LogFileName: string;const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
procedure SetupDatabase(const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
procedure ValidateLocalDiskName(TagValue: variant; Username, DeviceName: string; CB: TQTXCheckDevicePathCB);
procedure RegisterLocalDevice(TagValue: variant; Username, DiskName: string; CB: TQTXRegisterLocalDeviceCB);
procedure UnRegisterLocalDevice(TagValue: variant; UserName, DiskName:string; CB: TQTXUnRegisterLocalDeviceCB);
procedure GetDevicesForUser(TagValue: variant; UserName: string; CB: TQTXGetDisksCB);
procedure FindDeviceByName(TagValue: variant; UserName, DiskName: string; CB: TQTXFindDeviceCB);
procedure FindDeviceByType(TagValue: variant; UserName: string; &Type: JDeviceType; CB: TQTXGetDisksCB);
procedure GetTranslatedPathFor(TagValue: variant; Username, FullPath: string; CB: TQTXGetTranslatePathCB);
procedure GetFileInfo(TagValue: variant; UserName: string; FullPath: string; CB: TQTXGetFileInfoCB);
procedure SetupTaskTable(const TagValue: variant; const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
procedure SetupOperationsTable(const TagValue: variant; const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
procedure SetupDeviceTable(const TagValue: variant; const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
procedure AfterServerStarted; override;
procedure BeforeServerStopped; override;
procedure Dispatch(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Message: TQTXBaseMessage); override;
public
property Preferences: TQTXIniFile read FPrefs;
property Database: TSQLite3Database read FDatabase;
procedure SetupService(const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
constructor Create; override;
destructor Destroy; override;
end;
implementation
//#############################################################################
// TQTXFileenticationFactory
//#############################################################################
procedure TQTXTaskServiceFactory.RegisterIntrinsic;
begin
writeln("Registering task interface");
&Register(TQTXFileGetDeviceListRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileGetDeviceByNameRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileCreateLocalDeviceRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileDestroyDeviceRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileReadPartialRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileReadRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileWritePartialRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileWriteRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileDeleteRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileRenameRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileInfoRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileDirRequest);
&Register(TQTXMkDirRequest);
&Register(TQTXRmDirRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileRenameRequest);
&Register(TQTXFileDirRequest);
end;
//#############################################################################
// TQTXTaskService
//#############################################################################
constructor TQTXTaskService.Create;
begin
inherited Create;
FPrefs := TQTXIniFile.Create();
FLog := TQTXLogEmitter.Create();
FDatabase := TSQLite3Database.Create(nil);
FZConfig := TQTXZConfigClient.Create();
FZConfig.Port := 2292;
self.OnUserSignedOff := procedure (Sender: TObject; Username: string)
begin
WriteToLogF("We got a service signal! User [%s] has signed off completely", [Username]);
end;
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileGetDeviceListRequest, @HandleGetDevices);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileGetDeviceByNameRequest, @HandleGetDeviceByName);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileCreateLocalDeviceRequest, @HandleCreateLocalDevice);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileDestroyDeviceRequest, @HandleDestroyDevice);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileReadRequest, @HandleFileRead);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileReadPartialRequest, @HandleFileReadPartial);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileWriteRequest, @HandleFileWrite);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileWritePartialRequest, @HandleFileWritePartial);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileInfoRequest, @HandleGetFileInfo);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileDeleteRequest, @HandleFileDelete);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXMkDirRequest, @HandleMkDir);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXRmDirRequest, @HandleRmDir);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileRenameRequest, @HandleFileRename);
MessageDispatch.RegisterMessage(TQTXFileDirRequest, @HandleGetDir);
end;
destructor TQTXTaskService.Destroy;
begin
// decouple logger from our instance
self.logging := nil;
// Release prefs + log
FPrefs.free;
FLog.free;
FZConfig.free;
inherited;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SendError(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage; Message: string);
begin
var reply := TQTXErrorMessage.Create(request.ticket);
try
reply.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_ERROR;
reply.Routing.TagValue := Request.Routing.TagValue;
reply.Response := Message;
if Socket.ReadyState = rsOpen then
begin
try
Socket.Send( reply.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end else
WriteToLog("Failed to dispatch error, socket is closed error");
finally
reply.free;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.ExecuteExternalJS(Params: array of string;
TagValue: variant; const CB: TQTXServerExecuteCB);
begin
var LTask: JChildProcess;
var lOpts := TVariant.CreateObject();
lOpts.shell := false;
lOpts.detached := true;
Params.insert(0, '--no-warnings');
// Spawn a new process, this creates a new shell interface
try
LTask := child_process().spawn('node', Params, lOpts );
except
on e: exception do
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, e.message, e);
exit;
end;
end;
// Map general errors on process level
LTask.on('error', procedure (error: variant)
begin
{$IFDEF DEBUG}
writeln("error->" + error.toString());
{$ENDIF}
WriteToLog(error.toString());
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, "", nil);
end);
// map stdout so we capture the output
LTask.stdout.on('data', procedure (data: variant)
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, data.toString(), nil);
end);
// map stderr so we can capture exception messages
LTask.stderr.on('data', procedure (error:variant)
begin
{$IFDEF DEBUG}
writeln("stdErr->" + error.toString());
{$ENDIF}
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, "", nil);
WriteToLog(error.toString());
end);
end;
function TQTXTaskService.GetFactory: TMessageFactory;
begin
result := TQTXTaskServiceFactory.Create();
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SetupService(const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
begin
SetupPreferences( procedure (Error: Exception)
begin
// No logfile yet setup (!)
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog("Preferences setup: Failed!");
WriteToLog(error.message);
raise error;
end else
WriteToLog("Preferences setup: OK");
// logfile-name is always relative to the executable
var LLogFileName := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter( TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory );
LLogFileName += FPrefs.ReadString('log', 'logfile', 'log.txt');
// Port is defined in the ancestor, so we assigns it here
Port := FPrefs.ReadInteger('networking', 'port', CNT_PREFS_DEFAULTPORT);
SetupLogfile(LLogFileName, procedure (Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog("Logfile setup: Failed!");
WriteToLog(error.message);
raise error;
end else
WriteToLog("Logfile setup: OK");
SetupDatabase( procedure (Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog("Database setup: Failed!");
WriteToLog(error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error)
else
raise Error;
end else
WriteToLog("Database setup: OK");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(nil);
end);
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SetupPreferences(const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
begin
var lBasePath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory;
var LPrefsFile := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(LBasePath) + CNT_PREFS_FILENAME;
if TQTXNodeFileUtils.FileExists(LPrefsFile) then
begin
FPrefs.LoadFromFile(nil, LPrefsFile, procedure (TagValue: variant; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
if assigned(CB) then
CB(nil);
end);
end else
begin
var LError := Exception.Create('Could not locate preferences file: ' + LPrefsFile);
WriteToLog(LError.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(LError)
else
raise LError;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SetupLogfile(LogFileName: string;const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
begin
// Attempt to open logfile
// Note: Log-object error options is set to throw exceptions
try
FLog.Open(LogFileName);
except
on e: exception do
begin
if assigned(CB) then
begin
CB(e);
exit;
end else
begin
writeln(e.message);
raise;
end;
end;
end;
// We inherit from TQTXLogObject, which means we can pipe
// all errors etc directly using built-in functions. So here
// we simply glue our instance to the log-file, and its all good
self.Logging := FLog as IQTXLogClient;
if assigned(CB) then
CB(nil);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.FindDeviceByType(TagValue: variant; UserName: string; &Type: JDeviceType; CB: TQTXGetDisksCB);
begin
UserName := username.trim().ToLower();
if Username.length < 1 then
begin
WriteToLog("Failed to lookup disk, username was invalid error");
var lError := EException.Create("Failed to lookup devices, invalid username");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, nil, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
GetDevicesForUser(TagValue, Username,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Devices: JDeviceList; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, nil, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
var x := 0;
while x < Devices.dlDrives.Count do
begin
if Devices.dlDrives[x].&Type &Type then
begin
Devices.dlDrives.delete(x, 1);
continue;
end;
inc(x);
end;
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, Devices, nil);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.FindDeviceByName(TagValue: variant; Username, DiskName: string; CB: TQTXFindDeviceCB);
begin
UserName := username.trim().ToLower();
if Username.length < 1 then
begin
var lLogText := "Failed to lookup device, username was invalid error";
WriteToLog(lLogText);
var lError := EException.Create(lLogText);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, nil, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
DiskName := DiskName.trim();
if DiskName.length < 1 then
begin
var lLogText := "Failed to lookup device, disk-name was invalid error";
WriteToLog(lLogText);
var lError := EException.Create(lLogText);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, nil, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
GetDevicesForUser(TagValue, Username,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Devices: JDeviceList; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, nil, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
DiskName := DiskName.trim().ToLower();
var lDiskInfo: JDeviceInfo := nil;
for var disk in Devices.dlDrives do
begin
if disk.Name.ToLower() = DiskName then
begin
lDiskInfo := disk;
break;
end;
end;
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, lDiskInfo, nil);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.GetTranslatedPathFor(TagValue: variant; Username, FullPath: string; CB: TQTXGetTranslatePathCB);
begin
var lParser := TQTXPathParser.Create();
try
var lInfo: TQTXPathData;
if lparser.Parse(FullPath, lInfo) then
begin
// Locate the device for the path belonging to the user
FindDeviceByName(TagValue, UserName, lInfo.MountPart,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, FullPath, '', Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
if Device.&Type dtLocal then
begin
var lError := EException.CreateFmt('Failed to translate path, device [%s] is not local error', [Device.Name]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, FullPath, '', Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
// We want the path + filename, so we can append that to
// the actual localized filesystem
var lExtract := FullPath;
delete(lExtract, 1, lInfo.MountPart.Length + 1);
// Construct complete storage location
var lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + 'userdevices';
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + Device.location.trim();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + lExtract;
// Return translated path
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, FullPath, lFullPath, nil);
end);
end else
begin
var lErr := EException.CreateFmt("Invalid path [%s] error", [FullPath]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, FullPath, '', lErr)
else
raise lErr;
end;
finally
lParser.free;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.GetFileInfo(TagValue: variant; UserName, FullPath: string; CB: TQTXGetFileInfoCB);
begin
var lParser := TQTXPathParser.Create();
try
var lInfo: TQTXPathData;
if lparser.Parse(FullPath, lInfo) then
begin
// Locate the device for the path belonging to the user
FindDeviceByName(TagValue, UserName, lInfo.MountPart,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', nil, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
case Device.&Type of
dtLocal:
begin
// We want the path + filename, so we can append that to
// the actual localized filesystem
var lExtract := FullPath;
delete(lExtract, 1, lInfo.MountPart.Length + 1);
// Construct complete storage location
var lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + 'userdevices';
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + Device.location.trim();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + lExtract;
// Call the underlying OS to get the file statistics
NodeJsFsAPI().lStat(lFullPath,
procedure (Error: JError; Stats: JStats)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
var lError := EException.Create(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, lFullPath, nil, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
// And deliver
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, lFullPath, Stats, nil);
end);
end;
dtDropbox, dtGoogle, dtMsDrive:
begin
var lError := EException.Create("Cloud bindings not activated error");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', nil, lError)
end;
end;
end);
end else
begin
var lErr := EException.CreateFmt("Invalid path [%s] error", [FullPath]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', nil, lErr)
else
raise lErr;
end;
finally
lParser.free;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.GetDevicesForUser(TagValue: variant; Username: string; CB: TQTXGetDisksCB);
begin
UserName := username.trim().ToLower();
if Username.length < 1 then
begin
WriteToLog("Failed to lookup devices, username was invalid error");
var lError := EException.Create("Failed to lookup devices, invalid username");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, nil, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
var lTransaction: TQTXReadTransaction;
if not TSQLite3Database(DataBase).CreateReadTransaction(lTransaction) then
begin
var lErr := EException.Create("Failed to create read-transaction error");
if assigned(cb) then
CB(TagValue, nil, lErr)
else
raise lErr;
exit;
end;
var lQuery := TSQLite3ReadTransaction(lTransaction);
lQuery.SQL := "select * from devices where owner=?";
lQuery.Parameters.AddValueOnly(Username);
lQuery.Execute(
procedure (Sender: TObject; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, nil, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
var lDisks := new JDeviceList();
lDisks.dlUser := UserName;
for var x := 0 to lQuery.datarows.length-1 do
begin
var lInfo := new JDeviceInfo();
lInfo.Name := lQuery.datarows[x]["name"];
lInfo.&Type := JDeviceType( lQuery.datarows[x]["type"] );
lInfo.owner := lQuery.datarows[x]["owner"];
lInfo.location := lQuery.datarows[x]["location"];
lInfo.APIKey := lQuery.datarows[x]["apikey"];
lInfo.APISecret := lQuery.datarows[x]["apisecret"];
lInfo.APIPassword := lQuery.datarows[x]["apipassword"];
lInfo.APIUser := lQuery.datarows[x]["apiuser"];
lDisks.dlDrives.add(lInfo);
end;
try
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, lDisks, nil);
finally
lQuery.free;
end;
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.ValidateLocalDiskName(TagValue: variant; Username, DeviceName: string; CB: TQTXCheckDevicePathCB);
begin
var Filename := 'disk.' + username + '.' + DeviceName + '.' + ord(JDeviceType.dtLocal).ToString();
var LBasePath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
LBasePath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(LBasePath) + 'userdevices';
// Make sure the device folder is there
if not TQTXNodeFileUtils.DirectoryExists(LBasePath) then
begin
var lError := EException.CreateFmt("Directory not found: %s", [lBasePath]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
lBasePath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(LBasePath) + Filename;
if TQTXNodeFileUtils.DirectoryExists(LBasePath) then
begin
var lError := EException.CreateFmt("Path already exist error [%s]", [lBasePath]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
// OK, folder is not created yet, so its good to go
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, Filename, nil);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.UnRegisterLocalDevice(TagValue: variant; UserName, DiskName: string; CB: TQTXUnRegisterLocalDeviceCB);
begin
WriteToLogF("Removing local device [%s] for user [%s] ", [DiskName, Username]);
// Check username string
UserName := username.trim().ToLower();
if Username.length < 1 then
begin
WriteToLog("Failed to unregister device, username was invalid error");
var lError := EException.Create("Failed to register device, invalid username");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, DiskName, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
// Check diskname string
DiskName := DiskName.trim().ToLower();
if DiskName.length < 1 then
begin
WriteToLog("Failed to unregister device, disk-name was invalid error");
var lError := EException.Create("Failed to register device, invalid disk-name");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, DiskName, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
FindDeviceByName(TagValue, Username, DiskName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
// Did the search fail?
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, DiskName, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
// Make sure the device is local
if Device.&Type dtLocal then
begin
var lError := EException.CreateFmt('Failed to translate path, device [%s] is not local error', [Device.Name]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, DiskName, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
// Delete record from database
var lWriter: TQTXWriteTransaction;
if FDatabase.CreateWriteTransaction(lWriter) then
begin
lWriter.SQL := "delete from profiles where user = ? and name = ?;";
lWriter.Parameters.AddValueOnly(Username);
lWriter.Parameters.AddValueOnly(DiskName);
lWriter.Execute(
procedure (Sender: TObject; Error: Exception)
begin
try
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, DiskName, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
// Construct complete storage location
var lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + 'userdevices';
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + Device.location.trim();
// Now delete the disk-drive directory
TQTXNodeFileUtils.DeleteDirectory(nil, lFullPath,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Path: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, DiskName, Error)
end);
finally
lWriter.free;
lWriter := nil;
end;
end);
end;
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.RegisterLocalDevice(TagValue: variant; Username, DiskName: string; CB: TQTXRegisterLocalDeviceCB);
begin
WriteToLogF("Adding local device [%s] for user [%s] ", [DiskName, Username]);
UserName := username.trim().ToLower();
if Username.length < 1 then
begin
WriteToLog("Failed to register device, username was invalid error");
var lError := EException.Create("Failed to register device, invalid username");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
DiskName := DiskName.trim().ToLower();
if DiskName.length < 1 then
begin
WriteToLog("Failed to register device, disk-name was invalid error");
var lError := EException.Create("Failed to register device, invalid disk-name");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
FindDeviceByName(TagValue, Username, DiskName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
// Did the search fail?
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
// Does a device that match already exist?
if Device nil then
begin
var lError := EException.CreateFmt("Failed to create device [%s], device already exists", [DiskName]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
// make sure the device-folder does not exist, so we can create it
ValidateLocalDiskName(TagValue, Username, DiskName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; PathName: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, '', Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
// ValidateLocalDiskName only returns the valid directory-name,
// not a full path -- so we need to build up the full targetpath
var lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + 'userdevices';
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + PathName;
TQTXNodeFileUtils.CreateDirectory(nil, lFullPath,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Path: string; Error: exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
var lError := EException.CreateFmt("Failed to create device [%s] with path: %s", [DiskName, lFullPath]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, PathName, lError)
else
raise lError;
exit;
end;
FDatabase.Execute(
#'insert into devices (type, owner, name, location)
values(?, ?, ?, ?);',
[ord(JDeviceType.dtLocal), UserName, Diskname, PathName] ,
procedure (Sender: TObject; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, PathName, Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
WriteToLogF("Device [%s] added to database user [%s]", [DiskName, UserName]);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(TagValue, PathName, nil);
end);
end);
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SetupDeviceTable(const TagValue: variant; const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
begin
FDatabase.Execute(
#'
create table if not exists devices
(
id integer primary key AUTOINCREMENT,
type integer,
owner text,
name text,
location text,
apikey text,
apisecret text,
apipassword text,
apiuser text
);
', [],
procedure (Sender: TObject; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end else
if assigned(CB) then
CB(nil);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SetupTaskTable(const TagValue: variant; const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
begin
FDatabase.Execute(
#'
create table if not exists tasks
(
id integer primary key AUTOINCREMENT,
state integer,
username text,
created real
);
', [],
procedure (Sender: TObject; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end else
if assigned(CB) then
CB(nil);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SetupOperationsTable(const TagValue: variant; const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
begin
FDatabase.Execute(
#'
create table if not exists operations
(
id integer primary key AUTOINCREMENT,
username text,
taskid integer,
name text,
filename text
);
', [],
procedure (Sender: TObject; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end else
if assigned(CB) then
CB(nil);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.SetupDatabase(const CB: TRagnarokServiceCB);
begin
// Try to read database-path from preferences file
var LDbFileToOpen := FPrefs.ReadString("database", "database_name", "");
// Trim away spaces, check if there is a filename
LDbFileToOpen := LDbFileToOpen.trim();
if LDbFileToOpen.length < 1 then
begin
// No filename? Fall back on pre-defined file in CWD
var LBasePath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
LDbFileToOpen := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(LBasePath) + CNT_PREFS_DBNAME;
end;
FDatabase.AccessMode := TSQLite3AccessMode.sqaReadWriteCreate;
FDatabase.Open(LDbFileToOpen,
procedure (Sender: TObject; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end;
WriteToLog("Initializing task table");
SetupTaskTable(nil, procedure (Error: exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog("Tasks initialized: **failed");
WriteToLog(error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error)
else
raise Error;
exit;
end else
writeToLog("Tasks initialized: OK");
WriteToLog("Initializing operations table");
SetupOperationsTable(nil, procedure (Error: exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog("Operations initialized: **failed");
WriteToLog(error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error);
exit;
end else
writeToLog("Operations initialized: OK");
WriteToLog("Initializing device table");
SetupDeviceTable(nil, procedure (Error: exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog("Device-table initialized: **failed");
WriteToLog(error.message);
if assigned(CB) then
CB(Error);
exit;
end else
writeToLog("Device-table initialized: OK");
if assigned(CB) then
CB(nil);
end);
end);
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleFileRead(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileReadRequest(request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName;
var lFileName := lRequest.FileName;
// Check filename length
if lFileName.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
GetFileInfo(lRequest, lUserName, lFileName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalFile: string; Info: JStats; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
var lOptions: TReadFileOptions;
lOptions.encoding := 'binary';
NodeJsFsAPI().readFile(LocalFile, lOptions,
procedure (Error: JError; Data: JNodeBuffer)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
var lResponse := TQTXFileReadResponse.Create(Request.Ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := request.routing.tagValue;
lResponse.FileName := lFileName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
// Convert filedata in one pass
try
var lConvert := TDataTypeConverter.Create();
try
lResponse.Attachment.AppendBytes( lConvert.TypedArrayToBytes(Data) );
finally
lConvert.free;
end;
except
on e: exception do
begin
WriteToLog(e.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, e.Message);
exit;
end;
end;
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleFileReadPartial(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileReadPartialRequest(request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName;
var lFileName := lRequest.FileName;
var lStart := lRequest.Offset;
var lSize := lRequest.Size;
// Check filename length
if lFileName.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
if lSize < 1 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, "Read failed, invalid size error");
exit;
end;
if lStart < 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, "Read failed, invalid offset error");
exit;
end;
GetFileInfo(lRequest, lUserName, lFileName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalFile: string; Info: JStats; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
if lStart > Info.size then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, "Read failed, offset beyond filesize error");
exit;
end;
NodeJsFsAPI().open(LocalFile, "r",
procedure (Error: JError; Fd: THandle)
begin
if error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
var Data = new JNodeBuffer(lSize);
NodeJsFsAPI().read(Fd, Data, 0, lSize, lStart,
procedure (Error: JError; BytesRead: integer; buffer: JNodeBuffer)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
NodeJsFsAPI().closeSync(Fd);
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
// Close the file-handle and return data
NodeJsFsAPI().close(Fd, procedure (Error: JError)
begin
var lResponse := TQTXFileReadPartialResponse.Create(Request.Ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := request.routing.tagValue;
lResponse.FileName := lFileName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
// Only encode data if read
if BytesRead > 0 then
begin
// Convert filedata in one pass
try
var lConvert := TDataTypeConverter.Create();
try
lResponse.Attachment.AppendBytes( lConvert.TypedArrayToBytes(buffer) );
finally
lConvert.free;
end;
except
on e: exception do
begin
WriteToLog(e.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, e.Message);
exit;
end;
end;
end;
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end);
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleFileWrite(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileWriteRequest(request);
var lFileName := lRequest.FileName.trim();
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var FullPath := lFileName;
// Check filename length
if lFileName.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
var lParser := TQTXPathParser.Create();
try
var lInfo: TQTXPathData;
if lparser.Parse(FullPath, lInfo) then
begin
// Locate the device for the path belonging to the user
FindDeviceByName(nil, lUserName, lInfo.MountPart,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
case Device.&Type of
dtLocal:
begin
// We want the path + filename, so we can append that to
// the actual localized filesystem
var lExtract := FullPath;
delete(lExtract, 1, lInfo.MountPart.Length + 1);
// Construct complete storage location
var lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + 'userdevices';
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + Device.location.trim();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + lExtract;
// Extract data to be appended, if any
// note: null bytes should be allowed, it should just create the file
var lBytes: array of UInt8;
if lRequest.attachment.Size > 0 then
lBytes := lRequest.Attachment.ToBytes();
// Write the data to the file
NodeJsFsAPI().writeFile(lFullPath, lBytes,
procedure (Error: JError)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
// Setup response object
var lResponse := TQTXFileWriteResponse.Create(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.FileName := lFileName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
// Send success response
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end;
dtDropbox, dtGoogle, dtMsDrive:
begin
var lErrorText := Format("Clound bindings not active error [%s]", [lRequest.FileName]);
WriteToLog(lErrorText);
SendError(Socket, Request, lErrorText);
end;
end;
end);
end else
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, format("Invalid path [%s] error", [FullPath]));
end;
finally
lParser.free;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleFileWritePartial(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileWritePartialRequest(request);
var lFileName := lRequest.FileName.trim();
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var lFileOffset := lRequest.Offset;
// Check filename length
if lFileName.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
var FullPath := lFileName;
var lParser := TQTXPathParser.Create();
try
var lInfo: TQTXPathData;
if lparser.Parse(FullPath, lInfo) then
begin
// Locate the device for the path belonging to the user
FindDeviceByName(nil, lUserName, lInfo.MountPart,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
case Device.&Type of
dtLocal:
begin
// We want the path + filename, so we can append that to
// the actual localized filesystem
var lExtract := FullPath;
delete(lExtract, 1, lInfo.MountPart.Length + 1);
// Construct complete storage location
var lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.GetCurrentDirectory();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + 'userdevices';
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + Device.location.trim();
lFullPath := TQTXNodeFileUtils.IncludeTrailingPathDelimiter(lFullPath) + lExtract;
// Extract data to be appended, if any
// note: null bytes should be allowed, it should just create the file
var lBytes: array of UInt8;
if lRequest.attachment.Size > 0 then
lBytes := lRequest.Attachment.ToBytes();
var lAccess := TQTXNodeFile.Create();
lAccess.Open(lFullPath, TQTXNodeFileMode.nfWrite,
procedure (Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
lAccess.Write(lBytes, lFileOffset,
procedure (Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
// Setup response object
var lResponse := TQTXFileWriteResponse.Create(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.FileName := lFileName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
// Send success response
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end);
end;
dtDropbox, dtGoogle, dtMsDrive:
begin
var lErrorText := Format("Clound bindings not active error [%s]", [lRequest.FileName]);
WriteToLog(lErrorText);
SendError(Socket, Request, lErrorText);
end;
end;
end);
end else
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, format("Invalid path [%s] error", [FullPath]));
end;
finally
lParser.free;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleRmDir(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXRmDirRequest(request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var lDirPath := lRequest.DirPath.trim();
if lDirPath.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lDirPath) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
var lParser := TQTXPathParser.Create();
try
var lInfo: TQTXPathData;
if lParser.Parse(lDirPath, lInfo) then
begin
GetTranslatedPathFor(nil, lUserName, lDirPath,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Original, Translated: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
if not TQTXNodeFileUtils.DirectoryExists(Translated) then
begin
WriteToLogF("RmDir Failed, directory [%s] does not exist", [Translated]);
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("RmDir failed, directory [%s] does not exist", [Original]));
exit;
end;
TQTXNodeFileUtils.DeleteDirectory(nil, Translated,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Path: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
// Setup response object
var lResponse := TQTXRmDirResponse.Create(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.DirPath := lDirPath;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := lRequest.Routing.TagValue;
// Send success response
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end);
end else
begin
var lText := format("RmDir failed, invalid path [%s] error", [lDirPath]);
WriteToLog(lText);
SendError(Socket, Request, lText);
end;
finally
lParser.free;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleMkDir(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXMkDirRequest(request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var lDirPath := lRequest.DirPath.trim();
if lDirPath.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lDirPath) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
var lParser := TQTXPathParser.Create();
try
var lInfo: TQTXPathData;
if lparser.Parse(lDirPath, lInfo) then
begin
GetTranslatedPathFor(nil, lUserName, lDirPath,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Original, Translated: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
TQTXNodeFileUtils.DirectoryExists(nil, Translated,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Path: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLogF("MkDir Failed, directory [%s] already exists", [Translated]);
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("MkDir Failed, directory [%s] already exists", [Original]));
exit;
end;
TQTXNodeFileUtils.CreateDirectory(nil, Translated,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Path: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLogF("MkDir Failed, directory [%s] could not be created", [Original]);
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("MkDir Failed, directory [%s] could not be created", [Translated]));
exit;
end;
// Setup response object
var lResponse := TQTXMkDirResponse.Create(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.DirPath := lDirPath;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := lRequest.Routing.TagValue;
// Send success response
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end);
end);
end else
begin
var lText := format("MkDir Failed, invalid path [%s] error", [lDirPath]);
WriteToLog(lText);
SendError(Socket, Request, lText);
end;
finally
lParser.free;
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleFileDelete(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileDeleteRequest(Request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var lFileName := lRequest.FileName.trim();
if lFileName.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
GetFileInfo(lRequest, lUserName, lFileName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalFile: string; Info: JStats; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
if not Info.isFile then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, "Filesystem object is not a file error");
exit;
end;
NodeJsFsAPI().unlink(LocalFile,
procedure (Error: JError)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.message);
exit;
end;
var lResponse := new TQTXFileDeleteResponse(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := request.Routing.TagValue;
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.FileName := lFileName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleFileRename(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileRenameRequest(Request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var lFileName := lRequest.FileName.trim();
var lNewName := lRequest.NewName.trim();
// Check filename length
if lFileName.length < 1 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Invalid or empty from-filename [%s] error", [lFileName]) );
exit;
end;
// check newname length
if lNewName.length 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
if pos(lTemp, lNewName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
if pos(lTemp, lNewName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
GetFileInfo(lRequest, lUserName, lFileName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalFile: string; Info: JStats; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
if not Info.isFile then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, "Filesystem object is not a file error");
exit;
end;
GetTranslatedPathFor(nil, lUsername, lNewName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Original, Translated: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
NodeJsFsAPI().rename(LocalFile, Translated,
procedure (Error: JError)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.message);
exit;
end;
var lResponse := new TQTXFileRenameResponse(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := request.Routing.TagValue;
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.FileName := lFileName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleGetDir(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileDirRequest(Request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var lPath := lRequest.Path.trim();
// prevent path escape attempts
var lTemp := "../";
if pos(lTemp, lPath) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lPath) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
GetTranslatedPathFor(nil, lUserName, lPath,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Original, Translated: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
//writeln("Translated path is:" + Translated);
if not TQTXNodeFileUtils.DirectoryExists(Translated) then
begin
WriteToLogF("GetDir Failed, directory [%s] does not exist", [Translated]);
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("GetDir failed, directory [%s] does not exist", [Original]));
exit;
end;
var lWalker := TQTXFileWalker.Create();
lWalker.Examine(Translated, procedure (Sender: TQTXFileWalker; Error: EException)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLogF("GetDir Failed: %s", [Error.Message]);
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("GetDir failed: %s", [Error.Message]));
exit;
end;
// Get the directory data, swap out the path
// record with the original [amiga] style path
var lData := Sender.ExtractList();
lData.dlPath := Original;
var lResponse := new TQTXFileDirResponse(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := request.Routing.TagValue;
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.Path := lPath;
lResponse.Assign( lData );
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
// release instance in 100ms
TQTXDispatch.execute(procedure ()
begin
try
lWalker.free
except
on e: exception do
begin
WriteToLogF("Failed to release file-walker instance: %s", [e.message]);
end;
end;
end, 100);
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleGetFileInfo(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lRequest := TQTXFileInfoRequest(Request);
var lUserName := lRequest.UserName.trim();
var lFileName := lRequest.FileName.trim();
// prevent path escape attempts
var lTemp := "../";
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
lTemp := './';
if pos(lTemp, lFileName) > 0 then
begin
SendError(Socket, Request, Format("Unsupported path sequence [%s] detected error", [lTemp]) );
exit;
end;
GetFileInfo(lRequest, lUserName, lFileName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalFile: string; Info: JStats; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
// Collect the data
var lData := new JFileItem();
lData.diFileName := lFileName;
lData.diFileType := if Info.isFile then JFileItemType.wtFile else JFileItemType.wtFolder;
lData.diFileSize := Info.size;
lData.diFileMode := IntToStr(Info.mode);
lData.diCreated := TDateUtils.FromJsDate( Info.cTime );
lData.diModified := TDateUtils.FromJsDate( Info.mTime );
var lResponse := new TQTXFileInfoResponse(lRequest.Ticket);
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := request.Routing.TagValue;
lResponse.UserName := lUserName;
lResponse.FileName := lFileName;
lResponse.Assign(lData);
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleDestroyDevice(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lMessage := TQTXFileDestroyDeviceRequest(request);
// This will also destroy any files + unregister the device in the
// database table for the service -- do not mess with this!
UnRegisterLocalDevice(nil, lMessage.Username, lMessage.DeviceName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalPath: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
var lResponse := TQTXFileDestroyDeviceResponse.Create(request.ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lMessage.UserName;
lResponse.DeviceName := lMessage.DeviceName;
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := Request.Routing.TagValue;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
begin
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end;
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleCreateLocalDevice(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lMessage := TQTXFileCreateLocalDeviceRequest(request);
// Attempt to register.
// NOTE: This will automatically create a matching folder
// under $cwd/userdevices/[calculated_name_of_device]
RegisterLocalDevice(nil, lMessage.Username, lMessage.DeviceName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; LocalPath: string; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
FindDeviceByName(nil, lMessage.Username, lMessage.DeviceName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
var lResponse := TQTXFileCreateLocalDeviceResponse.Create(request.ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lMessage.UserName;
lResponse.Routing.TagValue := Request.Routing.TagValue;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
if Device nil then
lResponse.assign(Device);
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
begin
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end;
end);
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleGetDeviceByName(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lMessage := TQTXFileGetDeviceByNameRequest(request);
FindDeviceByName(nil, lMessage.Username, lMessage.DeviceName,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Device: JDeviceInfo; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
var lResponse := TQTXFileGetDeviceByNameResponse.Create(request.ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lMessage.UserName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
if Device nil then
lResponse.assign(Device);
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
begin
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end;
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.HandleGetDevices(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Request: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var lMessage := TQTXFileGetDeviceListRequest(Request);
GetDevicesForUser(nil, lMessage.Username,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Devices: JDeviceList; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error nil then
begin
WriteToLog(Error.Message);
SendError(Socket, Request, Error.Message);
exit;
end;
var lResponse := TQTXFileGetDeviceListResponse.Create(request.ticket);
lResponse.UserName := lMessage.UserName;
lResponse.Code := CNT_MESSAGE_CODE_OK;
lResponse.Response := CNT_MESSAGE_TEXT_OK;
if Devices nil then
lResponse.assign(Devices);
try
Socket.Send( lResponse.Serialize() );
except
on e: exception do
begin
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end;
end);
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.AfterServerStarted;
begin
inherited;
// Check prefs if zconfig should be applied
if self.FPrefs.ReadBoolean("zconfig", "active", false) then
begin
// ZConfig should only run on the master instance.
// We dont want to register our endpoint for each worker
if NodeJSClusterAPI().isWorker then
exit;
writeln("Setting up Zero-Configuration layer");
FZConfig.port := FPrefs.ReadInteger('zconfig', 'bindport', 2109);
FZConfig.address := GetMachineIP();
FZConfig.Start(nil, procedure (Sender: TObject; TagValue: variant; Error: Exception)
begin
if FPrefs.ReadBoolean("zconfig", "broadcast", true) then
FZConfig.Socket.setBroadcast(true);
// Build up the endpoint (URL) for our websocket server
var lEndpoint := '';
if FPrefs.ReadBoolean('networking', 'secure', false) then
lEndpoint := 'wss://'
else
lEndpoint := 'ws://';
lEndpoint += GetMachineIP();
lEndpoint += ':' + Port.ToString();
// Ping the ZConfig service on interval, until our service is registered
// We keep track of the interval handle so we can stop calling on interval later
FRegHandle := TQTXDispatch.SetInterval( procedure ()
begin
inc(FRegCount);
// Only output once to avoid overkill in the log
if FRegCount = 1 then
WriteToLogF("ZConfig registration begins [%s]", [lEndpoint]);
FZConfig.RegisterService(nil, CNT_ZCONFIG_SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_ID_TASKMANAGER, lEndpoint,
procedure (TagValue: variant; Error: Exception)
begin
if Error = nil then
begin
WriteToLog("Service registered");
TQTXDispatch.ClearInterval(FRegHandle);
FRegCount := 0;
exit;
end;
end);
end, 1000);
end);
end;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.BeforeServerStopped;
begin
inherited;
end;
procedure TQTXTaskService.Dispatch(Socket: TNJWebSocketSocket; Message: TQTXBaseMessage);
begin
var LInfo := MessageDispatch.GetMessageInfoForClass(Message);
if LInfo nil then
begin
try
LInfo.MessageHandler(Socket, Message);
except
on e: exception do
begin
//Log error
WriteToLog(e.message);
end;
end;
end;
end;
end.
Delphi Dying? Think again, Tiobe
At the beginning of last week, Tiobe once again threw a punch at Object Pascal. Playing the whole “Delphi is dying” tune, while focusing on outdated and quite frankly irrelevant episodes from the past. Hoping no doubt, to leave the reader with an impression that Delphi is stuck in the 90s.
This is the same pattern we often see whenever Delphi or Object Pascal in general experience significant growth; or to be blunt, when the author cannot be bothered to think independently, but simply parrot hearsay and misinformation on autopilot.
It is lame, superficial and Tiobe’s biggest mistake to date.
Guess “alternative news” is no longer limited to individuals like Alex Jones
Just to underline the problem areas here. The ranking is based on their internal system (there is no standard for how to rank popularity), and while I have issues with how they build up their score, it’s ultimately the March editorial text that has caused irritation and shock. You don’t declare a language as dead when there are over 10 million developers using it. This type of editorial could have very real consequences – which in turn brings us to their ranking system and how they arrived at their conclusions.
I would have understood their statement if it was issued between 2007 and 2010, because Delphi was at that time transitioning between Borland and Embarcadero. But to issue something like this in 2020? After a decade worth of restoration, optimization, modernization and above all – forging a thriving community that goes from victory to victory month after month, year after year? It makes absolutely no sense.
Significant growth
In 2018 there were roughly six million Delphi developers (I worked at Embarcadero at the time), with a total estimate of ten million Object Pascal developers worldwide when counting all alternative compilers, dialects and indeed – known piracy issues.
“Tiobe failed stupendously in their data mining operation, they seem to be oblivious regarding the demographic in which the language is used”
Since that time Delphi has made strides into the universities in Scandinavia, South-America and the Middle-East. Turkey recently announced their dedication to native and archetypal software development with Delphi (provided free for students), which adds a whopping one million students to the already large body of users.
Embarcadero has slowly but steadily rebuilt much of the infrastructure that existed under Borland. From professional training at Embarcadero Academy, to entry level training at LearnDelphi.org. The Idera community pages likewise produce a large body of articles on a weekly basis. Comparing the Delphi and C++Builder ecosystem today with it’s tragic state back in 2010, is like day and night.
Training is available for both Enterprise level developers and students alike
With so much positive happening in the world of Object Pascal, Tiobe’s article comes across as a grave, intentional misrepresentation at worst, or an intellectual emergency at best. It is completely out of place and carries the tell-tell signs of an echo chamber.
Tiobe has lost all credibility
I have to be honest. I have never taken Tiobe that serious, because they have made to many mistakes in the past to have any form of credibility when it comes to Delphi and Object Pascal as a language. And when I say mistakes, I mean monumental blunders that just annihilate all possibility that they treat languages on equal footing.
“not only have Tiobe failed in their indexing, they have completely and utterly misunderstood the demographic in which the language is used”
If we go back a decade, Tiobe actually based their numbers on the keyword “Pascal”. In other words they excluded not just Delphi commits to GitHub, BitBucket and similar services – they also managed to exclude Freepascal and every subsequent dialect that signify Object Pascal as a whole. So for quite some time their entire statistics was based on the off chance that people typed “Pascal” in their project or commit entries.
To make matters worse, their search tech was not smart enough to recognize “Pascal” in composite words. So if you wrote “ObjectPascal” in a single word, the commit was excluded; As was “Freepascal”, “Smartpascal”, “Oxygenepascal” and variations using a hyphen (and the same for abbreviations).
Developers also use the term Lazarus and FPC interchangeably since Lazarus typically means people use the LCL, the visual framework used to write desktop applications with Freepascal. So while Freepascal has nothing to do with Delphi in terms of intellectual property, the two compilers are used by the community as a whole.
But let’s look at why Tiobe’s indexing fails for Delphi. Just what are they doing wrong?
- Delphi has been around for 25 years, and it’s roots stretch back to the birth of C. Using Stack Overflow as an indicator for popularity is ludacris, since the majority of errors and problems have been largely ironed out in the past, leaving only extremely advanced and rare topics. If problems is the criteria, then I guess that explains why C# and Java soars in the ranking.
- Nobody searches google for “Delphi programming”. You search for explicit topics like composite polygon clipping with GDI+ and then add “delphi” to limit the search to said language. Just like C/C++, Object Pascal is an archetypal language. It stretches from kernel work with inline assembly, to cloud services and HTML5 rendering. So the topics people search for are usually straight out of the operating-system strata.
- Delphi developers communicate in dedicated groups, such as Delphi Developer on Facebook. There is also a thriving community on the Delphi Praxis forums, not to mention the Freepascal forums. None of which seem to be included in Tiobe’s activity statistics.
- Object Pascal has several frameworks and run-time libraries. Delphi ships with two:
- Classical VCL for Windows development (which has seen enormous optimization in the past 8 years, covering UWP, WinRT et-al).
- And then there is FireMonkey (FMX) for multi-platform, embedded and mobile targets.
- Freepascal operates with its own, open-source variation called the LCL
- Freepascal also targets WebAssembly and JavaScript and have variations of the LCL adapted those targets
- And then there is third party, commercial alternatives that covers HTML5/JS like TMS WebCore, Smart Pascal, Oxygene Pascal and the upcoming Quartex Pascal. Around these runtime libraries (VCL, FMX and LCL) there are thousands of libraries, components and frameworks, large and small, that don’t necessarily put “Delphi” or “Object Pascal” in their metadata.
- Tiobe also fails to include feeds like BeginEnd.net or DelphiFeeds, which syndicate on average 3000 unique blog-posts a year, representing a consistent and very much alive stream of information and content.
Delphi and Freepascal, which represents the most widely used compilers, are predominantly used to write commercial, closed source products. Which by consequence means that code and the activity involved is not public. For Tiobe to so utterly misunderstand the demographic for Object Pascal in general, is quite frankly outrageous. If you are going to rank a language that involves millions of users -then at least have the decency of investigating the communities it involves.
Excluding the factors I have outlined above, makes as much sense as excluding mono from C#.
Incompetence or plain ignorance?
It was only after an avalanche of complaints in 2014, orchestrated by yours truly, where members of the Delphi Developer group on Facebook sent complaints en-mass to Tiobe that they addressed the use of “Pascal” to represent Delphi and associated dialects. Yet for all the complaints, outlined in letters that no sentient human being could misunderstand – all Tiobe managed to do was to add “Object Pascal” to their list. Which, believe it or not, was unfamiliar to them.
It’s funny because it’s true
But do you think they bothered to do it right? Afraid not. Instead of aggregating all of the dialects, frameworks and variations of names under a single banner, they still to this day operate with two very specific search elements, namely “Delphi” or “Object Pascal”.
I sure hope the dairy industry doesn’t hire Tiobe to do statistics on milk, because if their coverage of Object Pascal is anything to go by, they will be ranking by yogurt.
No updates since 2018? Really Tiobe?
When a global Index service like Tiobe manage to write, and I quote:
“However, the latest Delphi release is from 2018” -Source: Tiobe, March report
You really have to ponder if human beings are involved in their business at all. I’m not expecting much, honestly, but I do expect them to interact with the community they supposedly track and build a statistic on. Have they visited Delphi Developer and talked to the admins about growth numbers? Have they talked to Embarcadero to get some figures and coverage there? Did they contact the Freepascal community to get some download statistics from them?
Delphi 10.3 was released on november 21st 2019. The version that Tiobe seem to think is the last update, is in fact the last release with a city name (which was launched in 2018). Since then there have been three successive, regular updates; most developers are now using version 10.3.3. With 10.3.4 about to be released. This just underlines how oblivious Tiobe is to our part of the industry.
Modern Delphi is used by millions of professional developers globally
Delphi and Freepascal is different in more ways than one, but beyond language compatibility there is one aspect that is quintessential for them both; namely their role in the commercial sector. Where other languages, like C/C++ or (for example) JavaScript see a lot of open-source activity, especially with regards to Linux and Node.js – Delphi and Freepascal are predominantly used to write high-quality, commercial, closed source business applications. In other words, the vast majority of code produced by the millions of Object Pascal developers around the world – is never publicly committed to GitHub or BitBucket.
So not only have Tiobe failed stupendously in their data mining operation, they seem oblivious to the demographic in which the language is used.
The selection of books, video tutorials and coding material for Delphi is recovering at a rapid pace. And much like C/C++ there are classic books on Amazon that are just as relevant today as they were 10 years ago. Thankfully Delphi don’t suffer the “learn Delphi in 2 weeks” style books, because any developer worth his salt knows that such books are for the gullible and naive.
Developers use Delphi and Freepascal to deliver rock solid, data driven services; services that is expected to run 24/7 with zero downtime, processing millions of transactions. Delphi is used to write medical software that manages networks of hospitals, with tens of thousands of patients. Delphi is used by banks to power their ATM machines, and Delphi is used to do the heavy lifting in thousands of POS (point of sale) terminals across Europe. Terminals that don’t have time to wait for a garbage collector to kick in, only to cause catastrophic CPU spikes (I won’t mention names, but attempting to switch to C# was a disaster for one of the biggest POS terminal suppliers in Europe).
Delphi represents the back-bone of the medical software industry in Scandinavia and Europe at large. Many have tried to replace Delphi, but end up with expensive lessons in why archetypal languages are indeed called archetypal.
Object Pascal is used by governments, fortune 500 companies and the guy with a million dollar idea working out of his parents garage; It is used to write cloud accounting software, invoicing systems and medical journaling; It is used by the music industry and graphical design. There are large and extremely successful products out there that don’t advertise that it’s written in Delphi (just like you don’t stamp “made with C++” on a piece of software). You would be surprised!
Object Pascal it’s used by developers who value speed, security, creative freedom and the benefit of a mature feature matrix that only C/C++ and Object Pascal brings. C is by definition three years older than Pascal, but these two archetypal languages have evolved side by side.
There is a reason these two languages represented the university curriculum for close to two decades; further still if we include Turbo Pascal. And Delphi is once again returning home to academia. To the applause of teachers who were forced to teach Java, and hated every minute of it (I helped setup two universities with Delphi in Norway, so I have some first hand accounts in the matter).
Reflections
Since Delphi is growing aggressively these days, Embarcadero is making waves. A few months back we saw how a well known team of C# influencers took a stab at Delphi (and me in particular, no doubt because I have been so outspoken). And as Delphi now returns to academia – Tiobe is demonstrating a bias that leaves little to the imagination. Especially when you know their numbers account for nothing and are bordering on fiction.
If I didn’t know better, I would say someone is worried. And it’s not the Delphi and Freepascal communities. Modern Delphi is a power-house for software development, and it has the potential to disrupt and restore the devtool market.
There is a lot of money involved, so I am not surprised we are seeing a string of attempts at undermining the importance of Object Pascal. I had hoped Tiobe would adopt a higher standard though.
Then again, the ship of credibility sailed when they couldn’t tell Turbo Pascal from Object Pascal.
Delphi 25th Webinar signup
Delphi is turning 25 and in connection with that, Jim Mckeeth is preparing a webinar! So make sure you register for the webinar in time! There is some very special and unique stuff lined up, so this is going to rock!
You can register here:
https://register.gotowebinar.com/register/8514999980241029644
25 years, wow. It seems only yesterday that I moved from Turbo Pascal to Delphi, and here we are a quarter of a century later. Such a wonderful language platform.
Very much looking forward to this talk — see you there guys!
Five unique features in Delphi for Windows 10
I recently did an article on the Idera / Embarcadero Community website on Interbase 2020 and why that should be your next database.
Im following up with a second article about five features of Delphi that are intimately connected to Windows 10. I know that a lot of people are still clinging to Windows 7, but Microsoft phased that out last week, which means it’s now officially a legacy OS. So if you haven’t bothered updating, have a peek and think it over.
Turkish ministry of education secures free access to Delphi for an estimated one million students
Edit: The title in my initial post could be misinterpreted, so i have altered it to better reflect the nature of the situation. My apologies for the misunderstanding, I used the initial text copied verbatim from the source, translated from Turkish to Norwegian (and further to English), and in this case an important nuance was lost in that process.
The ministry of education in Turkey recently announced that they will be offering Delphi free of charge to their body of students. An estimated one million students will thus have access to Delphi through this initiative.
Getting object-pascal back into universities and education is very important. Not just for Delphi as a product or Embarcadero as a company, but to ensure that the next generation of software developers are given a firm grasp on fundamental programming concepts; concepts that represent the building-blocks that all software rests on, and that will benefit the students for a lifetime.
I find it incredibly sad that Java and C# somehow crept into the curriculum of computer sciences around the turn of the century. The result of that opportunistic move is that we have several generations of developers who has graduated utterly oblivious to fundamental concepts; concepts such as memory management, interrupts, low-level optimization, inline assembler and (to be blunt) how a computer actually works beyond the desktop. This is why a formal education of C and Pascal is powerful and enduring. It gives the student a depth and wingspan that is hard to match.
Object Pascal as a language (including Freepascal, Oxygene and various alternative compilers) have been fluctuating between #11 and #14 on the Tiobe Index for a few years. Tiobe is an index that tracks the use and popularity of languages around the world, and helps companies get an indication of where to invest. So despite what people have been led to believe, Delphi has seen stable growth for many years and is far more widespread than sceptics like to admit.
As an ardent Delphi developer myself this is excellent news! Not only will it help the next generation of students learn proper engineering from the ground up – but it will also help to retire some of the unfounded myths surrounding the language (and Delphi in particular) that is sadly still in circulation. Most of these rumors stem from the hostile takeover (or elimination) of Borland by Microsoft some two decades ago, and does in no way reflect the reality of 2020. Delphi in particular has been through several phases of evolution, and is today en par with it’s companion language C/C++.
I am thrilled that so many young developers will now have access to a modern and relevant Delphi edition. Delphi has been a favorite of teachers and students everywhere, and the return of Delphi to academia – is a sign that the age of compromise is losing its grip.
Thank you to Hür Akdülger for informing the Delphi Developer community about this. Truly a monumental sign of growth. Congratulations Embarcadero and the Turkish students!
Source [in Turkish]:
https://www.timeturk.com/meb-den-1-milyon-meslek-lisesi-ogrencisine-yazilim-egitimi/haber-1337091
Interbase for 2020 and beyond
I just published an article about InterBase on the Embarcadero community pages! Interbase is a much loved database that has seen some radical improvements. Check out my top 5 reasons to use InterBase with your Delphi, C++Builder or Sencha applications here: https://community.idera.com/developer-tools/b/blog/posts/five-reasons-to-use-interbase-in-2020-and-beyond
Check out my top five InterBase features for 2020 and beyond
Nodebuilder, QTX and the release of my brand new social platform
First, let me wish everyone a wonderful new year! With xmas and the silly season firmly behind us, and my batteries recharged – I feel my coding fingers itch to get started again.
2019 was a very busy year for me. Exhausting even. I have juggled both a full time job, kids and family, as well as our community project, Quartex Media Desktop. And since that project has grown considerably, I had to stop and work on the tooling. Which is what NodeBuilder is all about.
I have also released my own social media platform (see further down). This was initially scheduled for Q4 2020, but Facebook pissed me off something insanely, so I set it up in december instead.
NodeBuilder
For those of you that read my blog you probably remember the message system I made for the Quartex Desktop, called Ragnarok? This is a system for dealing with message dispatching and RPC, except that the handling is decoupled from the transport medium. In other words, it doesnt care how you deliver a message (WebSocket, UDP, REST), but rather takes care of serialization, binary data and security.
All the back-end services that make up the desktop system, are constructed around Ragnarok. So each service exposes a set of methods that the core can call, much like a normal RPC / SOAP service would. Each method is represented by a request and response object, which Ragnarok serialize to a JSON message envelope.
In our current model I use WebSocket, which is a full duplex, long-term connection (to avoid overhead of having to connect and perform a handshake for each call). But there is nothing in the way of implementing a REST transport layer (UDP is already supported, it’s used by the Zero-Config system. The services automatically find each other and register, as long as they are connected to the same router or switch). For the public service I think REST makes more sense, since it will better utilize the software clustering that node.js offers.
Node Builder is a relatively simple service designer, but highly effective for our needs
Now for small services that expose just a handful of methods (like our chat service), writing the message classes manually is not really a problem. But the moment you start having 20 or 30 methods – and need to implement up to 60 message classes manually – this approach quickly becomes unmanageable and prone to errors. So I simply had to stop before xmas and work on our service designer. That way we can generate the boilerplate code in seconds rather than days and weeks.
While I dont have time to evolve this software beyond that of a simple service designer (well, I kinda did already), I have no problem seeing this system as a beginning of a wonderful, universal service authoring system. One that includes coding, libraries and the full scope of the QTX runtime-library.
In fact, most of the needed parts are in the codebase already, but not everything has been activated. I don’t have time to build both a native development system AND the development system for the desktop.
NodeBuilder already have a fully functional form designer and code editor, but it is dormant for now due to time restrictions. Quartex Media Desktop comes first
But right now, we have bigger fish to fry.
Quartex Media Desktop
We have made tremendous progress on our universal desktop environment, to the point where the baseline services are very close to completion. A month should be enough to finish this unless something unforeseen comes up.
Quartex Media Desktop provides an ecosystem for advanced web applications
You have to factor in that, this project has only had weekends and the odd after work hours allocated for it. So even though we have been developing this for 12 months, the actual amount of days is roughly half of that.
So all things considered I think we have done a massive amount of code in such a short time. Even simple 2d games usually take 2 years of daily development, and that includes a team of at least 5 people! Im a single developer working in my spare time.
So what exactly is left?
The last thing we did before xmas was upon us, was to throw out the last remnants of Smart Mobile Studio code. The back-end services are now completely implemented in our own QTX runtime-library, which has been written from scratch. There is not a line of code from Smart Mobile Studio in QTX, which means we no longer have to care what that system does or where it goes.
To sum up:
- Push all file handling code out of the core
- Implement file-handling as it’s own service
Those two steps might seem simple enough, but you have to remember that the older code was based on the Linux path system, and was read-only.
So when pushing that code out of the core, we also have to add all the functionality that was never implemented in our prototype.
Each class actually represents a separate “mini” program, and there are still many more methods to go before we can put this service into production.
Since Javascript does not support threads, each method needs to be implemented as a separate program. So when a method is called, the file/task manager literally spawns a new process just for that task. And the result is swiftly returned back to the caller in async manner.
So what is ultimately simple, becomes more elaborate if you want to do it right. This is the price we pay for universality and a cluster enabled service-stack.
This is also why I have put the service development on pause until we have finished the NodeBuilder tooling. And I did this because I know by experience that the moment the baseline is ready, both myself and users of the system is going to go “oh we need this, and that and those”. Being able to quickly design and auto-generate all the boilerplate code will save us months of work. So I would rather spend a couple of weeks on NodeBuilder than wasting months having to manually write all that boilerplate code down the line.
What about the QTX runtime-library?
Writing an RTL from scratch was not something I could have anticipated before we started this project. But thankfully the worst part of this job is already finished.
The RTL is divided into two parts:
Non Visual code. Classes and methods that makes QTX an RTL- Visual code. Custom Controls + standard controls (buttons, lists etc)
Visual designer
As you can see, the non-visual aspect of the system is finished and working beautifully. It’s a lot faster than the code I wrote for Smart Mobile Studio (roughly twice as fast on average). I also implemented a full visual designer, both as a Delphi visual component and QTX visual component.
Quartex Media Desktop makes running on several machines [cluster] easy and seamless
Why is the QTX Runtime-Library important again?
When the desktop is out the door, the true work begins! The desktop has several roles to play, but the most important aspect of the desktop – is to provide an ecosystem capable of hosting web based applications. Offering features and methods traditionally only found in Windows, Linux or OS X. It truly is a complete cloud system that can scale from a single affordable SBC (single board computer), to a high-end cluster of powerful servers.
Clustering and writing distributed applications has always been difficult, but Quartex Media Desktop makes it simple. It is no more difficult for a user to work on a clustered system, as it is to work on a normal, single OS. The difficult part has already been taken care of, and as long as people follow the rules, there will be no issues beyond ordinary maintenance.
And the first commercial application to come out of Quartex Components, is Cloud Forge, which is the development system for the platform. It has the same role as Visual Studio for Windows, or X Code for Apple OS X.
The Quartex Media Desktop Cluster cube. A $400 super computer
I have prepared 3 compilers for the system already. First there is C/C++ courtesy of Clang. So C developers will be able to jump in and get productive immediately. The second compiler is freepascal, or more precise pas2js, which allows you to compile ordinary freepascal code (which is highly Delphi compatible) to both JavaScript and WebAssembly.
And last but not least, there is my fork of DWScript, which is the same compiler that Smart Mobile Studio uses. Except that my fork is based on the absolute latest version, and i have modified it heavily to better match special features in QTX. So right out of the door CloudForge will have C/C++, two Object Pascal compilers, and vanilla Javascript and typescript. TypeScript also has its own WebAssembly compiler, so doing hard-core development directly in a browser or HTML5 viewport is where we are headed.
Once the IDE is finished I can finally, finally continue on the LDEF bytecode runtime, which will be used in my BlitzBasic port and ultimately replace both clang, freepascal and DWScript. As a bonus it will emit native code for a variety of systems, including x86, ARM, 68k [including 68080] and PPC.
This might sound incredibly ambitious, if not impossible. But what I’m ultimately doing here -is moving existing code that I already have into a new paradigm.
The beauty of object pascal is the sheer size and volume of available components and code. Some refactoring must be done due to the async nature of JS, but when needed we fall back on WebAssembly via Freepascal (WASM executes linear, just like ordinary native code does).
A brand new social platform
During december Facebook royally pissed me off. I cannot underline enough how much i loath A.I censorship, and the mistakes that A.I does – in which you are utterly powerless to complain or be heard by a human being. In my case i posted a gif from their own mobile application, of a female body builder that did push-ups while doing hand-stands. In other words, a completely harmless gif with strength as the punchline. The A.I was not able to distinguish between a leotard and bare-skin, and just like that i was muted for over a week. No human being would make such a ruling. As an admin of a fairly large set of groups, there are many cases where bans are the result. Disgruntled members that acts out of revenge and report technical posts about coding as porn or offensive. Again, you are helpless because there are nobody you can talk to about resolving the issue. And this time I had enough.
It was always planned that we would launch our own social media platform, an alternative to Facebook aimed at adult geeks rather than kids (Facebook operates with an age limit of 12 years). So instead of waiting I rushed out and set up a brand new social network. One where those banale restrictions Facebook has conditioned us with, does not apply.
Just to underline, this is not some simple and small web forum. This is more or less a carbon copy of Facebook the way it used to be 8-9 years ago. So instead of having a single group on facebook, we can now have as many groups as we like, on a platform that looks more or less identical to Facebook – but under our control and human rules.
Amigadisrupt.com is a brand new social media platform for geeks
You can visit the site right now at https://www.amigadisrupt.com. Obviously the major content on the platform right now is dominated by retro computing – but groups like Delphi Developer and FPC developer has already been setup and are in use. But if you are expecting thousands of active users, that will take time. We are now closing in on 250 active users which is pretty good for such a short period of time. I dont want a platform anywhere near as big as FB. The goal is to get 10k users and have a stable community of coders, retro geeks, builders and creative individuals.
AD (Amiga Disrupt) will be a standard application that comes with Quartex Media Desktop. This is the beauty of web technology, in that it can unify different resources under one roof. And we will have our cake and eat it come hell or high water.
Disclaimer: Amiga Disrupt has a lower age limit of 18 years. This is a platform meant for adults. Which means there will be profanity, jokes that would get you banned on Facebook and content that is not meant for kids. This is hacker-land, and political correctness is considered toilet paper. So if you need social toffery like FB and Twitter deals with, you will be kicked by one of the admins.
After you sign up your feed will be completely empty. Here is how to get it started. And feel free to add me to your friends-list!
Hydra, what’s the big deal anyway?
RemObjects Hydra is a product I have used for years in concert with Delphi, and like most developers that come into contact with RemObjects products – once the full scope of the components hit you, you never want to go back to not using Hydra in your applications.
Note: It’s easy to dismiss Hydra as a “Delphi product”, but Hydra for .Net and Java does the exact same thing, namely let you mix and match modules from different languages in your programs. So if you are a C# developer looking for ways to incorporate Java, Delphi, Elements or Freepascal components in your application, then keep reading.
But let’s start with what Hydra can do for Delphi developers.
What is Hydra anyways?
Hydra is a component package for Delphi, Freepascal, .Net and Java that takes plugins to a whole new level. Now bear with me for a second, because these plugins is in a completely different league from anything you have used in the past.
In short, Hydra allows you to wrap code and components from other languages, and use them from Delphi or Lazarus. There are thousands of really amazing components for the .Net and Java platforms, and Hydra allows you compile those into modules (or “plugins” if you prefer that); modules that can then be used in your applications like they were native components.
Hydra, here using a C# component in a Delphi application
But it doesn’t stop there; you can also mix VCL and FMX modules in the same application. This is extremely powerful since it offers a clear path to modernizing your codebase gradually rather than doing a time consuming and costly re-write.
So if you want to move your aging VCL codebase to Firemonkey, but the cost of having to re-write all your forms and business logic for FMX would break your budget -that’s where Hydra gives you a second option: namely that you can continue to use your VCL code from FMX and refactor the application in your own tempo and with minimal financial impact.
The best of all worlds
Not long ago RemObjects added support for Lazarus (Freepascal) to the mix, which once again opens a whole new ecosystem that Delphi, C# and Java developers can benefit from. Delphi has a lot of really cool components, but Lazarus have components that are not always available for Delphi. There are some really good developers in the Freepascal community, and you will find hundreds of components and classes (if not thousands) that are open-source; For example, Lazarus has a branch of Synedit that is much more evolved and polished than the fork available for Delphi. And with Hydra you can compile that into a module / plugin and use it in your Delphi applications.
This is also true for Java and C# developers. Some of the components available for native languages might not have similar functionality in the .Net world, and by using Hydra you can tap into the wealth that native languages have to offer.
As a Delphi or Freepascal developer, perhaps you have seen some of the fancy grids C# and Java coders enjoy? Developer Express have some of the coolest components available for any platform, but their focus is more on .Net these days than Delphi. They do maintain the control packages they have, but compared to the amount of development done for C# their Delphi offerings are abysmal. So with Hydra you can tap into the .Net side of things and use the latest components and libraries in your Delphi applications.
Financial savings
One of coolest features of Hydra, is that you can use it across Delphi versions. This has helped me leverage the price-tag of updating to the latest Delphi.
It’s easy to forget that whenever you update Delphi, you also need to update the components you have bought. This was one of the reasons I was reluctant to upgrade my Delphi license until Embarcadero released Delphi 10.2. Because I had thousands of dollars invested in components – and updating all my licenses would cost a small fortune.
So to get around this, I put the components into a Hydra module and compiled that using my older Delphi. And then i simply used those modules from my new Delphi installation. This way I was able to cut cost by thousands of dollars and enjoy the latest Delphi.
Using Firemonkey controls under VCL is easy with Hydra
A couple of years back I also took the time to wrap a ton of older components that work fine but are no longer maintained or sold. I used an older version of Delphi to get these components into a Hydra module – and I can now use those with Delphi 10.3 (!). In my case there was a component-set for working closely with Active Directory that I have used in a customer’s project (and much faster than having to go the route via SQL). The company that made these don’t exist any more, and I have no source-code for the components.
The only way I could have used these without Hydra, would be to compile them into a .dll file and painstakingly export every single method (or use COM+ to cross the 32-bit / 64-bit barrier), which would have taken me a week since we are talking a large body of quality code. With Hydra i was able to wrap the whole thing in less than an hour.
I’m not advocating that people stop updating their components. But I am very thankful for the opportunity to delay having to update my entire component stack just to enjoy a modern version of Delphi.
Hydra gives me that opportunity, which means I can upgrade when my wallet allows it.
Building better applications
There is also another side to Hydra, namely that it allows you to design applications in a modular way. If you have the luxury of starting a brand new project and use Hydra from day one, you can isolate each part of your application as a module. Avoiding the trap of monolithic applications.
Hydra for .Net allows you to use Delphi, Java and FPC modules under C#
This way of working has great impact on how you maintain your software, and consequently how you issue hotfixes and updates. If you have isolated each key part of your application as separate modules, you don’t need to ship a full build every time.
This also safeguards you from having all your eggs in one basket. If you have isolated each form (for example) as separate modules, there is nothing stopping you from rewriting some of these forms in another language – or cross the VCL and FMX barrier. You have to admit that being able to use the latest components from Developer Express is pretty cool. There is not a shadow of a doubt that Developer-Express makes the best damn components around for any platform. There are many grids for Delphi, but they cant hold a candle to the latest and greatest from Developer Express.
Why can’t I just use packages?
If you are thinking “hey, this sounds exactly like packages, why should I buy Hydra when packages does the exact same thing?“. Actually that’s not how packages work for Delphi.
Delphi packages are cool, but they are also severely limited. One of the reasons you have to update your components whenever you buy a newer version of Delphi, is because packages are not backwards compatible.
Delphi packages are great, but severely limited
A Delphi package must be compiled with the same RTL as the host (your program), and version information and RTTI must match. This is because packages use the same RTL and more importantly, the same memory manager.
Hydra modules are not packages. They are clean and lean library files (*.dll files) that includes whatever RTL you compiled them with. In other words, you can safely load a Hydra module compiled with Delphi 7, into a Delphi 10.3 application without having to re-compile.
Once you start to work with Hydra, you gradually build up modules of functionality that you can recycle in the future. In many ways Hydra is a whole new take on components and RAD. This is how Delphi packages and libraries should have been.
Without saying anything bad about Delphi, because Delphi is a system that I love very much; but having to update your entire component stack just to use the latest Delphi, is sadly one of the factors that have led developers to abandon the platform. If you have USD 10.000 in dependencies, having to pay that as well as buying Delphi can be difficult to justify; especially when comparing with other languages and ecosystems.
For me, Hydra has been a tremendous boon for Delphi. It has allowed me to keep current with Delphi and all it’s many new features, without losing the money I have already invested in components packages.
If you are looking for something to bring your product to the next level, then I urge you to spend a few hours with Hydra. The documentation is exceptional, the features and benefits are outstanding — and you will wonder how you ever managed to work without them.
External resources
Disclaimer: I am not a salesman by any stretch of the imagination. I realize that promoting a product made by the company you work for might come across as a sales pitch; but that’s just it: I started to work for RemObjects for a reason. And that reason is that I have used their products since they came on the market. I have worked with these components long before I started working at RemObjects.
.NetRocks, you made my day!
A popular website for .Net developers is called dot-net-rocks. This is an interesting site that has been going for a while now; well worth the visit if you do work with the .Net framework via RemObjects Elements, VS or Mono.
Now it turns out that the guys over at dot–net-rocks just did an episode on their podcast where they open by labeling me as a “raving lunatic” (I clearly have my moments); which I find absolutely hilarious, but not for the same reasons as them.
Long story short: They are doing a podcast on how to migrate legacy Delphi applications to C#, and in that context they somehow tracked down an article I posted way back in 2016, which was meant as a satire piece. Now don’t get me wrong, there are serious points in the article, like how the .Net framework was modeled on the Delphi VCL, and how the concepts around CLR and JIT were researched at Borland; but the tone of the whole thing, the “larger than life” claims etc. was meant to demonstrate just how some .Net developers behave when faced with alternative eco-systems. Having managed some 16+ usergroups for Delphi, C#, JavaScript (a total of six languages) on Facebook for close to 15 years, as well as working for Embarcadero that makes Delphi -I speak from experience.
It might be news to these guys that large companies around Europe is still using Delphi, modern Delphi, and that Object Pascal as a language scores well on the Tiobi index of popular programming languages. And no amount of echo-chamber mentality is going to change that fact. Heck, as late as 2018 and The Walt Disney Company wanted to replace C# with Delphi, because it turns out that bytecodes and embedded tech is not the best combination (cpu spikes when the GC kicks in, no real-time interrupt handling possible, GPIO delays, the list goes on).
I mean, the post i made back in 2016 is such obvious, low-hanging fruit for a show their size to pound on. You have this massive show that takes on a single, albeit ranting (and probably a bit of a lunatic if I don’t get my coffee) coder’s post. Underlying in the process how little they know about the object pascal community at large. They just demonstrated my point in bold, italic and underline 😀
Look before you shoot
DotNetRocks is either oblivious that Delphi still have millions of users around the world, or that Pascal is in fact available for .Net (which is a bit worrying since .Net is supposed to be their game). The alternative is that the facts I listed hit a little too close to home. I’ll leave it up to the reader to decide. Microsoft has lost at least 10 Universities around Europe to Delphi in 2018 that I know of, two of them Norwegian where I was personally involved in the license sales. While only speculation, I do find the timing for their podcast and focus on me in particular to be, “curious”.
And for the record, the most obvious solution when faced with “that legacy Delphi project”, is to just go and buy a modern version of Delphi. DotNetRocks delivered a perfect example of that very arrogance my 2016 post was designed to convey; namely that “brogrammers” often act like Delphi 7 was the last Delphi. They also resorted to lies to sell their points: I never said that Anders was dogged for creating Delphi. Quite the opposite. I simply underlined that by ridiculing Delphi in one hand, and praising it’s author with the other – you are indirectly (and paradoxically) invalidating half his career. Anders is an awesome developer, but why exclude how he evolved his skills? Ofcourse Ander’s products will have his architectural signature on them.
Not once did they mention Embarcadero or the fact that Delphi has been aggressively developed since Borland kicked the bucket. Probably hoping that undermining the messenger will somehow invalidate the message.
Porting Delphi to C# manually? Ok.. why not install Elements and just compile it into an assembly? You don’t even have to leave Visual Studio
Also, such an odd podcast for professional developers to run with. I mean, who the hell converts a Delphi project to C# manually? It’s like listening to a graphics artist that dont know that Photoshop and Illustrator are the de-facto tools to use. How is that even possible? A website dedicated to .Net, yet with no insight into the languages that run on the CLR? Wow.
If you want to port something from Delphi to .Net, you don’t sit down and manually convert stuff. You use proper tools like Elements from RemObjects; This gives you Object-Pascal for .Net (so a lot of code will compile just fine with only minor changes). Elements also ships with source-conversion tools, so once you have it running under Oxygene Pascal (the dialect is called Oxygene) you either just use the assemblies — or convert the Pascal code to C# through a tool called an Oxidizer.
The most obvious solution is to just upgrade to a Delphi version from this century
The other solution is to use Hydra, also a RemObjects product. They can then compile the Delphi code into a library (including visual parts like forms and frames), and simply use that as any other assembly from within C#. This allows you to gradually phase out older parts without breaking the product. You can also use C# assemblies from Delphi with Hydra.
So by all means, call me what you like. You have only proved my point so far. You clearly have zero insight into the predominant Object-Pascal eco-systems, you clearly don’t know the tools developers use to interop between arcetypical and contextual languages — and instead of fact checking some of the points I made, dry humor notwithstanding, you just reacted like brogrammers do.
Well, It’s been weeks since I laughed this hard 😀 You really need to check before you pick someone to verbally abuse on the first date, because you might just bite yourself in the arse here he he
Cheers
Why move to Windows 10?
When it comes to Windows editions, Windows 7 is probably the most successful operating-system Microsoft has ever released. When it hit stores back in October of 2009, it replaced Windows Vista (Longhorn) which, truth be told, caused more problems than it solved. The issues surrounding Vista were catastrophic for many reasons, but they were especially severe for developers. I remember buying a brand new laptop with Vista pre-installed, but in less than a week I rolled back to Windows XP.
In retrospect, Vista was perhaps not as bad as it’s reputation would have it. I honestly feel it’s a very misunderstood edition of Windows, one that brought features common to the NT family into the mainstream. But back then people were still unfamiliar with what exactly that meant; things like “roaming profiles” was alien to users and developers with no background in networking. In my case Vista came at a juncture where I had two product releases on my hand. Time was of the essence, and spending days refactoring my code for the changes could not have come at a worse moment.
Be this as it may, the rejection of Vista forced Microsoft to replace it with something better. Vista was supposed to have a 10 year life-cycle, but Microsoft put Vista out of its misery in 3 years.
Windows 7 retirement plan
Windows 7 has been a wonderful system to work with. I can honestly say that with exception of Windows 10, it’s been the best operating system I have ever used. And i include OS X and Ubuntu in that equation. But as great as it was, Windows 7 is now 10 years old; an eternity in the software business. The needs of consumers and developers are radically different today, and with Windows 10 available as a free upgrade – it’s time to let the system go.
Microsoft actually ended mainstream support back in January of 2015 (!), but due to its popularity and massive adoption, they decided to extend support a few more years. This means that Windows 7, although practically retro in computing terms, still receives driver updates and security patches. But that is about to change sooner than you think.
Come next January (read: over xmas) and Windows 7 has an appointment with the gallows; something that will affect laptops, servers and desktop systems alike. This means there will be no more security patches, no more feature updates and no new virus definitions for Windows Defender. In other words January 14 2020 is the day Microsoft take Windows 7 off life-support.
This retirement also affects tablets, so if you have a Windows 7 based Surface, the time has come to jump ship and get Windows 10 installed. The same is true for Windows 7 Enterprise – it’s already obsolete by half a decade.
Some have stated that the embedded version of Windows 7, used primarily in custom-made products like ATMs, POS and kiosk type products, somehow avoids this retirement; but that’s just it – retirement truly means retirement. January 14 2020 really is the day Microsoft puts Windows 7 in the ground; be it laptop, server, desktop or surface.
The king is dead, long live the king
You might be wondering, since Windows 7 is still so popular, why would Microsoft seek to replace it? Well there are many reasons. First of all Windows 7 is based on the old NT kernel, which by today’s standard is a dinosaur compared to competing operating-systems. NT was constructed around a security scheme that has served humanity well, but it’s poorly equipped to deal with modern threats. Windows 7 also has a considerably larger memory footprint compared to Windows 10 – not to mention that Windows 10 has been optimized from scratch for better performance on all supported devices. So it’s never really been a question of why, but rather when and at which cost.
Windows 10 comes in many shapes and sizes
You also have to factor in that Windows 10 introduces a host of new features that is unique to that OS. Things like support for touch interfaces (both display and navigation devices) is one of them, but developers will be more affected by the new application model (UWP) and UI framework. Truth be told, UWP was first introduced in Windows 8 as a part of Microsoft’s plan to streamline all versions of their OS (tablet, mobile, desktop and server). The promise of UWP is that, if you follow the guidelines and stick to the APIs – the same application can run on all variations of the same OS; regardless of CPU even (more about that below).
Since this was introduced Microsoft sadly dropped out of the smartphone OS business though. Their Windows for mobile never gained the recognition it deserved, and they retired it in favor of Android. Personally i loved their phones; they somehow managed to take the best features from both Apple iOS and Android, and combine them intuitively and elegantly. Not to mention that they cost 40% of what an iPhone of Samsung Galaxy sold for.
Windows 10 is also the first OS from Microsoft that treats XBox as a first-class citizen, so developing titles for XBox has become easier. DirectX now aims at delivering console level experience for laptop and desktop computers; it’s pretty much been refactored from scratch, with aggressive and radical optimization (read: hand written assembly) to get every last drop of performance out of the hardware.
Unlike previous editions of DirectX, Microsoft has toned down the amount of insulation between your code and the actual hardware. DirectX was always padded left and right with interfaces and abstractions, making raw access to GPU resources impossible (or at least, impractical). Thankfully Microsoft has realized that they took this too far, and trimmed the insulation layers accordingly; meaning that developers can now access resources en-par with AMD Mantle, Apple Metal and Vulcan (Factoid: Vulcan is a replacement for OpenGL. OpenGL originated with Silicon Graphics machines, a graphics workstation that was hugely popular back in the 90s and early 2k’s).
WinRT, ARM and the beyond
While developers who focus on business applications could care less about DirectX and multimedia, the underlying changes to the Windows 10 core are of such a magnitude that all avenues of development will be affected. Some of the UI changes are profoundly linked to the work that makes Windows 10 unique – and Microsoft has made it perfectly clear that all future endeavors is built on the Windows 10 baseline.
Windows is moving to ARM, and Windows 10 technology is the foundation
Besides purely technical changes, access to the Microsoft Store is one of the features that have a more immediate, financial effect on software development. Marco Cantu actually blogged about this back in 2016, regarding how you can use WDB (Windows Desktop Bridge, a.k.a “project Centennial”) to publish Firemonkey applications to Microsoft store. I mean, any modern developer who makes a living from selling software, having their products available through official channels is pretty essential. And that excludes Windows 7 by default.
And last but not least, there is WinRT, short for Windows Runtime, a sand boxed version of windows that allows applications to be deployed to both x86 and ARM. WinRT involves x86 emulation on ARM SoCs (system on a chip), meaning that you will be able to run applications compiled for x86 on Microsoft’s upcoming Windows for ARM release. But performance wise emulation will obviously not deliver the same level of performance as native ARM code. The emulation layer is meant as an intermediate solution, allowing developers time to evolve compilers that can target ARM directly.
I probably don’t have to outline the business opportunities Windows on ARM represent.
Market adoption
If the features and promise of Windows 10 is not enough to convince you to update immediately, consider the following: There are more than 1 billion Windows users in the world. Windows 7 presently holds 37% of the global market (with Windows 10 at 43%), which means that hundreds of millions of computers will be affected by the now immanent retirement plan.
ARM is still a hardware platform companies can afford to postpone, but with both Apple and Microsoft being open about their move to ARM in the near future, the risk for developers being left behind is very real. And having to deal with the cost of refactoring your entire portfolio over something as trivial as an update, well – I’m sure you see my point.
There really is zero strategic advantage in sticking with the lowest common denominator, which in this case is the stock WinAPI that has defined Windows since the nineties. Especially not when upgrading to Windows 10 is free of charge.
Reflections
From a personal point of view, I cannot imagine being a developer in 2019 and relying on an operating-system that is retired. I must admit that I do own virtual machines where Windows 7 is used, but those are not instances where I do software development; I use them primarily for stress testing software running in other VMWare instances, which conceptually is not a problem.
Microsoft is still offering a free upgrade plan for Windows 7 users. In other words there is no financial loss in updating your development machines, be they physical or virtual.
I look forward to Microsoft’s next phase, where virtual reality and augmented reality technology is implemented more closely for all supported hardware platforms. As for changes that affect desktop business applications, have a look at the following links:
Using multiple languages is the same project
Most compilers can only handle a single syntax for any project, but the Elements compiler from RemObjects deals with 5 (five!) different languages -even within the same project. That’s pretty awesome and opens up for some considerable savings.
I mean, it’s not always easy to find developers for a single language, but when you can approach your codebase from C#, Java, Go, Swift and Oxygene (object pascal) at the same time (inside the same project even!), you suddenly have some options. Especially since you can pick exotic targets like WebAssembly. Or what about compiling Java to .net bytecodes? Or using the VCL from C#? It’s pretty awesome stuff!
Check out Marc Hoffmans article on the Elements compiler toolchain and how you can mix and match between languages, picking the best from each — while still compiling to a single binary of llvm optimized code:
Click on the picture to be redirected
Jon L. Aasenden 
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